Neocortical Mechanisms of Categorical Speech Perception

分类言语感知的新皮质机制

基本信息

批准号：
8322157
负责人：
Edward Chang
金额：
$ 23.93万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-09-25 至 2013-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8322157
关键词：
Acoustics Advanced Development Aphasia Area Auditory Autistic Disorder Basic Science Behavior Behavioral Brain Categories Cerebral hemisphere Code Complement Complex Comprehension Development Dyslexia Electrodes Electroencephalography Elements Goals Human Instruction Investigation Label Language Language Delays Language Disorders Lateral Light Linguistics Mentors Methods Motor Neocortex Neurons Patients Perception Phase Phonetics Population Procedures Process Rehabilitation therapy Research Resolution Scalp structure Science Sensory Signal Transduction Sorting - Cell Movement Speech Speech Perception Speech Sound Stimulus Superior temporal gyrus Surface Techniques Temporal Lobe Tern Training base brain surgery computerized data processing density interest millimeter millisecond neocortical neuromechanism neurophysiology novel diagnostics relating to nervous system response skills sound speech processing

项目摘要

The basic mechanisms underlying comprehension of spoken language are unknown. We do not understand, for example, how the human brain extracts the most fundamental linguistic elements (consonants and vowels) from a complex and highly variable acoustic signal. An investigation of the cortical representation of speech sounds during categorical perception can likely shed light on this fundamental question. Categorical perception occurs when a change in a variable such as phonem ic contrast along a continuum is perceived, not as a gradual function but rather as a discrete category change. Previous research has implicated the superior temporal cortex in the processing Of speech sounds. However, how the cortex actually represents (i.e. encodes) phonemes is undetermined, mainly due to limitations of non-invasive recording techniques. The recording of neural activity di rectly from the cortical surface is a promising approach si nee it can provide both high spatial and temporal resolution. Here, I propose to examine the mechanisms of categorical speech processing by utilizing neurophysiological recordings obtained during ne urosurgical pnacedures. The principal focus of the independent ROO phase wil I be to elucidate the emergent invariant representation of phonemes in the superior tem poral gyrus that underiies categorical perception. High-density electrode anays, advanced signal processing, and direct eiectrocortical stim ulation will be utilized to unravel both local population encoding of speec h sounds in the lateral temporal cortex as well as global processing across multiple sensory and cognitiv e areas.

口语理解的基本机制是未知的。我们不明白，例如，人脑如何提取最基本的语言元素（辅音和元音）来自复杂且高度可变的声学信号。对皮质表示的调查分类感知期间的语音可能会阐明这个基本问题。分类当感知到沿连续体的变量（例如音素IC对比）中的变化时，就会发生感知，不是作为渐进函数，而是作为离散类别更改。以前的研究暗示了语音处理中的上级颞皮质。但是，皮质实际上如何代表（即编码）音素是未定的，这主要是由于非侵入性记录技术的局限性。神经活动的记录是从皮质表面直接差异的，是一种有前途的方法，可以提供高空间和时间分辨率。在这里，我建议检查分类语音的机制通过利用在尿液外科术中获得的神经生理记录来处理。这我将阐明独立的Roo阶段的主要重点低于分类感知的上游回旋中的音素。高密度电极将利用ANAY，高级信号处理和直接的eiectrotical刺激来解开均可拆开 SPEEC H在横向颞皮层中的SPEEC H声音以及整个全球处理中编码的人口多个感官和认知领域。