Famine Exposure During the First 1000 Days and Intellectual Disability

前 1000 天内的饥荒和智力障碍

基本信息

批准号：
8283342
负责人：
Cheng Huang
金额：
$ 6.19万
依托单位：
GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-07-16 至 2014-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8283342
关键词：
2 year old Adult Affect Age Behavior Disorders Biological Birth Brain Censuses Cessation of life Child China Chinese People Chronic Cognitive Conceptions Country County Data Developed Countries Developing Countries Development Diagnosis Economics Exposure to Famines Goals Health Hearing Height Home environment Human Income Intellectual functioning disability Knowledge Life Life Cycle Stages Literature Long-Term Effects Malnutrition Measures Medical Mental Health Mental Retardation Modeling Modification Molecular Abnormality Outcome Pharmaceutical Preparations Population Poverty Pregnancy Prevalence Public Health Recording of previous events Reporting Research Research Design Risk Role Rural Sampling Schools Severities Speech Surveys Survivors Testing Time Training United States Vision Visual Woman Work alcohol exposure base cohort cost critical period disability early childhood experience girls global health high risk human capital improved literacy male men mortality neurodevelopment novel strategies nutrition postnatal premature prenatal prenatal exposure productivity loss research study rural area secondary outcome sex

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Our goal is to advance understanding of the role of nutrition during the first 1000 days of life (conception to age 2y), a critical and vulnerable phas in brain development, on intellectual and other disabilities, as well as on schooling. We propose a study of the long term effects of the 1959-61 Chinese famine, the largest in human history with up to 30-50 million deaths. The famine provides a quasi-experimental setting for testing effects of exposure to prolonged and severe famine on cognitive development in the context of chronic undernutrition and poverty, the context common to most famines in human history and to poor populations in both developed and developing countries. We propose to use the data from the China Second National Survey on Disability (CSNSD), the most up-to-date national survey on disability in China. We will apply a robust difference-in- difference estimator to isolate the famie impact from other potential confounding factors using a novel approach to measuring the intensity of the Chinese famine at county level. We will study birth cohorts born before (1956-58), during (1959-61) and after the famine (1962-1964) and explore how impact varies by timing of exposure to the famine, sex and urban/rural origin. A total of 174,988 men and 173,688 women will be included in our study. Our general hypothesis is that exposure to the famine during the first 1000 days of life, but not later, leads to a) higher risk of intellectual disabiliy and visual, speech, hearing, psychiatric, and physical disabilities, and less schooling; b) larger impact among men than women due to the greater biological vulnerability of men; c) larger impact among rural than urban residents due to the greater severity of the famine in rural areas. Our research team provides extensive expertise in Chinese famine and cohort research, disability research, and design and use of the CSNSD data. We expect our findings to enrich the literature regarding nutrition and cognitive development and possibly to support the importance of improving nutrition in pregnancy and early childhood among high risk population in both poor countries as well as developed countries such as the US. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The project will assess the impact of exposure to the Chinese famine of 1959-61 during pregnancy and the first 2 years of life on adult intellectual disability, visual, speech, hearing, psychiatric, and physical disabilities, and schooling. This study will contribute to the knowledge of effects of exposure to prolonged and severe famine on cognitive development in the context of chronic undernutrition and poverty, the context common to poor populations in both developed and developing countries.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们的目标是提高人们对营养在生命的最初1000天（2岁的概念）中的作用的了解，这是脑发育中的批判性和脆弱性PHA，在智力和其他残疾以及对教育方面。我们提出了一项研究，研究了1959 - 61年中国饥荒的长期影响，该饥荒是人类历史上最大的，死亡人数高达3000万。饥荒为测试在慢性营养不良和贫穷的背景下暴露于长期和严重的饥荒的测试影响的饥荒，这是人类历史上大多数饥荒和发达国家和发展中国家贫困人口的情况。我们建议使用中国第二个全国残疾人调查（CSNSD）的数据，这是中国最新的全国残疾人调查。我们将采用强大的差异估计器，通过一种新型方法来衡量中国饥荒在县一级的强度，将FAMIE的影响与其他潜在的混杂因素隔离开来。我们将在（1956 - 58年），（1959-61）和《饥荒》（1962- 1964年）之前研究出生的人群，并探索因暴露于饥荒，性别和城市/农村起源的时间而变化的影响。我们的研究将包括174,988名男性和173,688名妇女。我们的总体假设是，在生命的最初1000天内暴露于饥荒，但并非以后会导致a）更高的智力态度和视觉，言语，听力，精神病和身体残疾的风险更高，而学校的教育更少； b）由于男性的生物脆弱性，男性的影响比男性更大； c）由于农村地区饥荒的严重程度更大，农村的影响比城市居民更大。我们的研究团队在中国饥荒和队列研究，残疾研究以及CSNSD数据的设计和使用方面提供了广泛的专业知识。我们希望我们的发现能够丰富有关营养和认知发展的文献，并可能支持在贫困国家以及美国等发达国家的高风险人群中改善营养和早期幼儿的重要性。公共卫生相关性：该项目将评估怀孕期间1959 - 61年中国饥荒的影响以及生命的头两年对成人智力残疾，视觉，言语，听力，精神病和身体残疾以及教育的影响。这项研究将有助于了解在慢性营养不良和贫困背景下暴露于长期和严重饥荒对认知发展的影响，这是发达国家和发展中国家贫困人口常见的背景。