Effects of Sleep Self-Restriction on Physical Activity and Diabetes Risk

睡眠自我限制对体力活动和糖尿病风险的影响

• 批准号: 7465149
• 负责人: Plamen Penev
• 金额: $ 46.39万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-01 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7465149
• 关键词: Adult; Adverse effects; Aerobic; American; Beta Cell; Biochemical; Biogenesis; Body Weight decreased; Cell physiology; Condition; Control Groups; Daily; Data; Deposition; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease; Energy Metabolism; Enrollment; Epidemiologic Studies; Euglycemic Clamping; Excessive Daytime Sleepiness; Exercise; Exhibits; Family member; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Genetic Crossing Over; Glucose Clamp; Goals; Habits; Hepatic; Hour; Human; Hyperglycemia; Incidence; Indirect Calorimetry; Individual; Insulin; Laboratories; Life; Life Style; Lipids; Liver; Living Wills; Maintenance; Measures; Mediating; Metabolic; Metabolic Diseases; Mitochondria; Modification; Monitor; Muscle; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Numbers; Obesity; Physical Fitness; Physical Function; Physical activity; Population; Predisposition; Prevention; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Randomized; Rate; Recurrence; Relative (related person); Reporting; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Skeletal Muscle; Sleep; Sleep Deprivation; Testing; Time; Today; Visceral; Week; Weight Gain; base; blood glucose regulation; day; diabetes risk; disorder risk; fitness; glucose disposal; glucose production; human study; improved; insulin secretion; insulin sensitivity; intrahepatic; oxidation; prospective; research study; sedentary; sleep regulation; stable isotope; trend

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The susceptibility of adults who have family members with type 2 diabetes (DM) to the disease is markedly increased in the setting of sedentary living and excessive weight gain. Lifestyle modification combining modest weight loss and increased physical activity can reduce the incidence of DM in high-risk populations. Today, a growing number of Americans report having short sleep hours and prospective epidemiological data reveal an independent association of reduced sleep duration with an increased incidence of diabetes and obesity. It has been proposed that increased rates of energy metabolism require increased amounts of sleep to correct the biochemical consequences of waking metabolic activity. So far, the possibility that short sleep hours may compromise physical activity and its metabolic benefits, and exacerbate the adverse effects of sedentary living has not been considered. Thus, the primary goal of this proposal is to test the hypothesis that short sleep duration is accompanied by reduced levels of everyday physical activity and aerobic fitness, and that recurrent sleep loss can disrupt the maintenance of adequate levels of exercise in adults with increased risk for DM. Experimental sleep deprivation can also interfere with the secretion and systemic action of insulin in the absence of changes in everyday physical activity. However, the effects of recurrent sleep loss on the secretion and metabolic actions of insulin in high-risk populations have not been investigated. Another important goal of this proposal is to determine the magnitude and define the potential mechanisms of the effects of sleep loss on glucose homeostasis in adults at risk for DM. To achieve these goals, we will combine studies of high-risk individuals with established long-term differences in usual sleep duration under free-living conditions with experiments, that involve controlled manipulations of the amount of sleep in the laboratory, in order to explore the impact of short sleep hours on daily activity-related energy expenditure, exercise habits, beta-cell function, and insulin sensitivity in muscle, liver, and fat. If short sleep is found to have an adverse impact on the amount of physical activity-related energy expenditure, aerobic fitness, and insulin secretion or action in individuals at risk, these studies may help us to identify new non-pharmacological opportunities for the prevention of DM. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: If short sleep is found to have an adverse impact on the amount of physical activity-related energy expenditure, aerobic fitness, and insulin secretion or action in individuals at risk, these studies may help us to identify new non-pharmacological opportunities for the prevention of DM.

描述（由申请人提供）：家庭成员患有 2 型糖尿病 (DM) 的成年人在久坐和体重过度增加的情况下，对该疾病的易感性显着增加。改变生活方式结合适度减肥和增加体力活动可以降低高危人群的糖尿病发病率。如今，越来越多的美国人报告睡眠时间短，前瞻性流行病学数据显示，睡眠时间缩短与糖尿病和肥胖症发病率增加存在独立关联。有人提出，能量代谢率的提高需要增加睡眠量，以纠正清醒代谢活动的生化后果。到目前为止，尚未考虑到睡眠时间短可能会损害身体活动及其代谢益处，并加剧久坐生活的不利影响。因此，该提案的主要目标是检验这样的假设：睡眠时间短会导致日常体力活动和有氧运动水平降低，并且经常性的睡眠不足会破坏成年人维持足够运动水平的能力，从而增加成人的运动风险。 DM。在日常身体活动没有变化的情况下，实验性睡眠剥夺也会干扰胰岛素的分泌和全身作用。然而，尚未研究反复睡眠不足对高危人群胰岛素分泌和代谢作用的影响。该提案的另一个重要目标是确定睡眠不足对有糖尿病风险的成年人的血糖稳态影响的程度并确定其潜在机制。为了实现这些目标，我们将对高风险个体进行研究，在自由生活条件下，通常睡眠时间存在长期差异，并进行实验，其中涉及在实验室中控制睡眠时间，以探索睡眠时间短对日常活动相关的能量消耗、运动习惯、β细胞功能以及肌肉、肝脏和脂肪的胰岛素敏感性的影响。如果发现睡眠不足对高危个体的体力活动相关能量消耗、有氧健身和胰岛素分泌或活动产生不利影响，这些研究可能会帮助我们找到新的非药物机会来预防DM。 公共卫生相关性：如果发现短睡眠对高危个体的体力活动相关能量消耗、有氧健身和胰岛素分泌或活动产生不利影响，这些研究可能有助于我们发现新的非药物机会用于预防 DM。