Degraded Rationality: Subclinical Neuropathology and Neuroeconomic Behavior in Ol

退化理性：亚临床神经病理学和神经经济行为

• 批准号: 7488445
• 负责人: DAVID ALAN BENNETT
• 金额: $ 7.25万
• 依托单位: RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7488445
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Advance Directives; Affective; Age; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Amygdaloid structure; Amyloid; Anterior; Behavior; Brain; Clinical; Data; Decision Making; Dementia; Economic Models; Economics; Elderly; Foundations; Human; Individual Differences; Insurance; Memory; Neurofibrillary Tangles; Neurosciences; Nucleus Accumbens; Parietal Lobe; Pathologic; Pathology; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Psychology; Retirement; Risk; Savings; Series; Social Behavior; System; Testing; Trust; base; caudate nucleus; cingulate cortex; discounting; economic behavior; frontal lobe; literacy; neuroeconomics; neuromechanism; neuropathology; relating to nervous system; response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The burgeoning field of neuroeconomics, representing the interface between economics, psychology, and neuroscience, offers the opportunity to understand the neural mechanisms underlying a wide variety of human social behaviors. The proposed study, submitted in response to RFA-AG-06-011 Neuroeconomics of Aging (R21), will incorporate economic behaviors, including temporal discounting, risk tolerance, trust, and financial literacy into an ongoing longitudinal epidemiologic clinical-pathologic study of aging, the Rush Memory and Aging Project. We will test the hypothesis that Alzheimer's disease pathology accounts for individual differences in economic behaviors in older persons without dementia. Preliminary data is provided demonstrating that the majority of older persons without dementia accumulate Alzheimer's disease pathology (neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid) in neural systems that sub serve economic behaviors. These include regions that support analytic decision making including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior parietal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex, and regions that support affective decision making including nucleus accumbens, orbital frontal cortex, amygdala, anterior caudate nucleus, and anterior insular cortex. We introduce the term degraded rationality to refer to the consequences of pathological changes in the brain on both economic behaviors. The results have important implications for economic modeling of the economic decisions of older persons. The proposed study offers the possibility of identifying the pathologic basis individual differences in economic behaviors in older persons without clinical dementia. As the U.S. population ages, a greater understanding of economic decision making in old age as it applies to savings behavior, inter-generational transfers, retirement planning, advanced directives, and insurance decisions are needed. The results of the proposed study could lay the foundation for a series of studies that address these and other aspects of economic decision making in older persons without dementia.

描述（由申请人提供）：神经经济学的新兴领域代表了经济学、心理学和神经科学之间的接口，为理解各种人类社会行为背后的神经机制提供了机会。拟议的研究是针对 RFA-AG-06-011 老龄化神经经济学 (R21) 提交的，将把经济行为（包括时间贴现、风险承受能力、信任和金融素养）纳入一项正在进行的老龄化纵向流行病学临床病理学研究中，拉什记忆和衰老项目。我们将检验这样的假设：阿尔茨海默病的病理学解释了没有痴呆的老年人经济行为的个体差异。初步数据表明，大多数没有痴呆的老年人在神经系统中积累了阿尔茨海默氏病病理（神经原纤维缠结和淀粉样蛋白），从而促进了经济行为。这些区域包括支持分析决策的区域，包括背外侧前额叶皮质、后顶叶皮质和前扣带皮层，以及支持情感决策的区域，包括伏隔核、眶额皮质、杏仁核、前尾状核和前岛叶皮质。我们引入“退化理性”一词来指代大脑病理变化对两种经济行为的后果。研究结果对老年人经济决策的经济模型具有重要意义。 拟议的研究提供了确定无临床痴呆的老年人经济行为的病理基础个体差异的可能性。随着美国人口老龄化，需要更好地了解老年经济决策，因为它适用于储蓄行为、代际转移、退休计划、预先指示和保险决策。拟议研究的结果可以为一系列研究奠定基础，这些研究涉及无痴呆症老年人经济决策的这些和其他方面。