Translational Research on NCR Interventions for Behavior Disorders

NCR 行为障碍干预措施的转化研究

基本信息

批准号：
7415238
负责人：
ISER DELEON
金额：
$ 19.54万
依托单位：
HUGO W. MOSER RES INST KENNEDY KRIEGER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-05-01 至 2010-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The current standard of care in the treatment of the severe behavior disorders of individuals with developmental disabilities relies on (1) identifying the environmental variables that give rise to and maintain (reinforce) the problem behavior and (2) arranging for the relevant reinforcers to be delivered in a manner that displaces their procurement through problem behavior. Noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) is a therapeutic arrangement, based on this model, in which the reinforcer hypothesized to maintain a problem behavior is delivered on a response-independent, time-based schedule. This form of intervention has grown increasingly popular over the past decade, its popularity largely driven by its ease of implementation relative to other common interventions and demonstrated effectiveness in decreasing problem behavior during protracted evaluations and under limited circumstances. However, NCR may have unknown detrimental effects under arrangements that go beyond the typical treatment evaluation, often predicted by research on basic behavioral process that has yet to fully come into contact with the treatment literature. This proposal describes an exploratory, translational project designed to evaluate the impact of these basic behavioral processes (behavioral momentum, hedonic constrast, and behavioral reinstatement) on interventions built upon the noncontingent delivery of reinforcers. Specific studies will determine the extent to which NCR enhances the resistance of problem to other forms of intervention, produces an increae in levels of problem behavior in non- treatment settings, and reinstates probelm behavior that had previously been reduced through other forms of intervention. These questions will be answered through a series of comparative treatment evaluations in which the effects of NCR will be compared with the effects of parallel interventions that rely on the contingent reinforcer delivery or more simply, the absence of free reinforcement. The proposed studies will form the basis of a larger objective to determine the optimal therapeutic arrangements for this and related interventions. Thus, the outcomes have significant potential to impact treatment selection for individuals that display severe behavior disorders. 7. Project Narrative Noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) is an increasingly common intervention for the severe behavior disorders of individuals with developmental disabilities. However, certain basic behavioral processes, yet to be examined in a clinical context, predict that NCR may increase behavior problems when it is not being directly implemented or may weaken the effects of other interventions. This project will determine the extent to these side effects occur as a first step towards determining how they can be avoided.

描述（由申请人提供）：目前治疗发育障碍人士严重行为障碍的护理标准依赖于 (1) 识别引起和维持（强化）问题行为的环境变量，以及 (2)安排相关的强化物以通过问题行为取代其采购的方式提供。非偶然强化 (NCR) 是一种基于此模型的治疗安排，其中假设维持问题行为的强化剂按照独立于反应、基于时间的时间表提供。这种形式的干预措施在过去十年中变得越来越受欢迎，其受欢迎程度很大程度上是由于其相对于其他常见干预措施易于实施，并且在长期评估期间和有限情况下证明了在减少问题行为方面的有效性。然而，NCR 在超出典型治疗评估的安排下可能会产生未知的有害影响，通常是通过尚未完全接触治疗文献的基本行为过程研究来预测的。该提案描述了一个探索性的转化项目，旨在评估这些基本行为过程（行为动量、享乐对比和行为恢复）对基于非偶然强化物传递的干预措施的影响。具体研究将确定NCR在多大程度上增强问题对其他形式干预的抵抗力，在非治疗环境中提高问题行为水平，并恢复以前通过其他形式干预减少的问题行为。这些问题将通过一系列比较治疗评估来回答，其中 NCR 的效果将与依赖于偶然强化物传递或更简单地说，缺乏自由强化的平行干预措施的效果进行比较。拟议的研究将构成更大目标的基础，以确定该干预措施和相关干预措施的最佳治疗安排。因此，这些结果有可能影响患有严重行为障碍的个体的治疗选择。 7. 项目叙述非偶然强化（NCR）是针对发育障碍人士的严重行为障碍的一种日益常见的干预措施。然而，某些尚未在临床背景下进行检验的基本行为过程预测，NCR 在不直接实施时可能会增加行为问题，或者可能削弱其他干预措施的效果。该项目将确定这些副作用发生的程度，作为确定如何避免这些副作用的第一步。