Exposure to mobile source air pollution and adverse birth outcomes in the Los Ang

洛昂地区暴露于移动源空气污染和不良出生结果

• 批准号: 7532754
• 负责人: Jun Wu
• 金额: $ 26.72万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-11 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7532754
• 关键词: Abdomen; Address; Adverse effects; Affect; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Amniotic Fluid Indices; Area; Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Behavior; Biological; Biological Markers; Biological Models; Birth; Birth Records; Caliber; California; Catchment Area; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Cephalometry; Characteristics; Childhood; Clinical; Clinical Data; Count; Coupled; Data; Data Collection; Databases; Devices; Disease regression; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiologist; Exposure to; Femur; Fetal Growth; Fetus; Future; Gasoline; Genetic; Genetic Variation; Goals; Growth; Head circumference; Health; Health protection; Healthcare Systems; Home environment; Hospitals; Hybrids; Impairment; Infant; Infant Mortality; Knowledge; Length; Life; Link; Literature; Live Birth; Logistic Regressions; Logistics; Los Angeles; Low Birth Weight Infant; Maternal Age; Maternal Exposure; Measurement; Measures; Medical center; Medicine; Meteorology; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Mothers; Nature; Neighborhoods; Nitric Oxide; Nitrogen Dioxide; Outcome; Output; Pattern; Performance; Perinatal; Perinatal Care; Perinatal Exposure; Physicians; Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Predisposition; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnant Women; Premature Birth; Prospective Studies; Proxy; Public Health; Questionnaires; Rate; Records; Recruitment Activity; Registries; Regression Analysis; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Sampling; Scientist; Seasons; Source; Staging; Structure of umbilical artery; Sum; Testing; Time; Ultrasonography; Validation; Very Low Birth Weight Infant; Visit; Week; Weight; Woman; Workplace; air monitoring; base; behavior change; cohort; design; fetal; humerus; improved; in utero; indexing; instrument; land use; pollutant; prenatal; prenatal exposure; prospective; residence; trafficking

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator): We will address two major weaknesses in previous studies examining the association of air pollution with perinatal outcomes. The first weakness, exposure error, will be addressed by linking a comprehensive and large birth database with spatially and temporally resolved exposure estimates from an advanced exposure modeling system. The second weakness, namely, minimal knowledge concerning time-activity and behavior changes that affect women's personal exposures during pregnancy, will be addressed by following a prospective cohort using questionnaires and GPS time-activity sampling. Outcomes include low birth weight (LBW) and preterm delivery (PTD). Exploratory analysis will be conducted for ultrasound outcomes in the prospective cohort. The long-term goal will be to develop methods that can be applied to a large population- based study of births that will include more intensive outcome and exposure assessments, as well as assessments of maternal-fetal genetic variation. The specific aims are as follows: 1) To determine the association of mothers' residential exposure to traffic-related air pollutants with LBW and PTD in a large retrospective cohort. We will study this birth cohort (N=97,500) with detailed clinical data for the mother during pregnancy. Outdoor concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), nitric oxide (NO), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at each residence will be estimated and summarized by month and trimester for each subject. Logistic regression will be performed adjusting for known or suspected confounding factors not generally available in birth registries. In utero windows of vulnerability to air pollutants will be examined. 2) To test prospective recruiting methods and develop data collection instruments that can be used in a planned larger study using ultrasound data. We will prospectively recruit 100 subjects during their first prenatal visit. The subjects will be followed by an environmental and behavior questionnaire coupled with one-week GPS sampling three times during their pregnancy. Changes in time-activity and air pollution exposures during pregnancy will be assessed. In addition, methods will be developed to examine the association of air pollution with ultrasound outcomes (e.g. head circumference), which may serve as biomarkers of in utero growth restrictions. 3) To test measurement and modeling methods. We will conduct extensive exposure measurements for 40 of the prospective subjects, and models will be developed and validated to estimate outdoor, in-transit and personal exposures. Model performance will form the basis for the design of a larger study. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE The knowledge that will emerge from this study will be of benefit to public health by identifying and describing environmental factors affecting adverse birth outcomes. This research is expected to have an impact on decisions regarding the protection of health in pregnant women who are susceptible to the adverse effects of air pollution.

描述（由研究者提供）：我们将解决之前研究空气污染与围产期结局之间关系的两个主要缺陷。第一个弱点，即暴露误差，将通过将全面的大型出生数据库与先进的暴露建模系统的空间和时间解析的暴露估计联系起来来解决。第二个弱点，即对影响妇女怀孕期间个人暴露的时间活动和行为变化的了解很少，将通过使用问卷调查和 GPS 时间活动抽样的前瞻性队列来解决。结果包括低出生体重（LBW）和早产（PTD）。将对前瞻性队列中的超声结果进行探索性分析。长期目标是开发可应用于大规模人口出生研究的方法，其中包括更深入的结果和暴露评估，以及母婴遗传变异的评估。具体目标如下： 1) 在大型回顾性队列中确定母亲居住地暴露于交通相关空气污染物与 LBW 和 PTD 之间的关系。我们将研究这个出生队列（N=97,500），并提供母亲在怀孕期间的详细临床数据。将按每个受试者的月份和三个月来估计和总结每个住宅的室外多环芳烃 (PAH)、一氧化氮 (NO) 和二氧化氮 (NO2) 浓度。将进行逻辑回归，调整出生登记处通常不存在的已知或可疑的混杂因素。将检查子宫内易受空气污染物影响的窗口。 2) 测试前瞻性招募方法并开发可用于计划中使用超声数据的更大规模研究的数据收集仪器。我们将前瞻性地招募 100 名受试者进行第一次产前检查。受试者将接受一份环境和行为调查问卷，并在怀孕期间进行三次为期一周的 GPS 采样。将评估怀孕期间时间活动和空气污染暴露的变化。此外，还将开发方法来检查空气污染与超声结果（例如头围）之间的关系，这可以作为子宫内生长限制的生物标志物。 3）测试测量和建模方法。我们将对 40 名潜在受试者进行广泛的暴露测量，并将开发和验证模型来估计户外、途中和个人暴露。模型性能将构成更大规模研究设计的基础。公共健康相关性 本研究得出的知识将通过识别和描述影响不良出生结果的环境因素而有益于公共健康。这项研究预计将对保护易受空气污染不利影响的孕妇健康的决策产生影响。