Multichannel Coils and Motion Correction for Developing Brain

用于大脑发育的多通道线圈和运动校正

• 批准号: 7589200
• 负责人: Patricia Ellen Grant
• 金额: $ 24.12万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-30 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7589200
• 关键词: 1 year old; 4 year old; Acceleration; Adult; Age; Age-Years; Anesthesia procedures; Archives; Arts; Autistic Disorder; Behavioral; Brain; Brain Diseases; Caring; Categories; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Cognitive deficits; Compatible; Consent; Coupled; Coupling; Data; Development; Diagnostic; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Enabling Factors; Epilepsy; Evaluation; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Genetic; Goals; Growth and Development function; Head; Helmet; Image; Infant; Injury; Instruction; Life; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Methods; Modality; Morphologic artifacts; Motion; Neurons; Noise; Numbers; Nurses; Parents; Patients; Performance; Phase; Physicians; Physiologic pulse; Pliability; Population; Preparation; Probability; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Pulse taking; Radiation; Range; Risk; Safety; Scanning; Sedation procedure; Structure; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Thick; Time; Tissues; Trauma; Traumatic Brain Injury; Vendor; Vulnerable Populations; Water; Week; abstracting; base; cost; cranium; design; developmental disease; improved; myelination; neonate; rapid growth; size; success; tumor; water diffusion

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Abstract Pediatric brain disorders such as trauma, tumors, epilepsy, autism and other developmental disorders are common in children less than 5 years. These first 5 years of life are also key in the developing brain as neuronal specification and myelination occurs. During this time of rapid growth and development the brain is highly vulnerable to injury, exposures or errors in genetic expression. As with adults, MR imaging is the modality of choice for evaluating the pediatric brain yet the pediatric population is currently underserved by commercial vendors. None of the major vendors provide state-of-the-art pediatric sized head coils and third party vendors that do, use outdated technology. Due to the long scan times and likelihood of motion artifacts, MR requires sedation or anesthesia. In addition sedation and anesthesia come with risks of their own, particularly in the very young, reduces the availability of MR and increases the cost of MR scanning. As a result CT is often chosen for even though it is particularly insensitive to parenchymal abnormalities in the immature brain and comes with increased risk of radiation induced cognitive deficits. The overall goal of this project is to create age specific 32 channel head coils and accelerated motion insensitive pulse sequences which allow high quality sedation free scanning in 15 minutes for children less than 5 years of age. The specific aims of this project are: Specific Aim 1: Design, develop and test 32 channel head coils for term infants, 6 month olds, 1 year olds and 2 - 4 year olds. Specific Aim 2: Design, develop and test motion insensitive sequences for T1 (3D FLASH) and T2 (T2 SPACE) contrast as well as Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI). Specific Aim 3: Perform a real world test of this motion insensitive accelerated protocol in 20 children less than 5 years of age. Age appropriate behavioral methods will be used to help the children undergo the 15 minute scan. We expect that these advances in coil technology and motion correction will significantly reduce imaging time and make pediatric MR imaging without sedation or anesthesia more feasible and there make MR imaging more available to our youngest and most vulnerable patients. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: MR imaging is the safest and most sensitive modality for assessing brain abnormalities yet in young children because of the need for sedation or anesthesia, the risk is increased, the availability is limited and the expense is high. Decreasing scan times with pediatric specific multichannel head coils and designing motion insensitive pulse sequences would allow complete evaluation in 15 minutes instead of the current 45 minutes. These advances combined with age appropriate behavioral techniques has a high probability of making sedation free scanning possible in this young and vulnerable population.

描述（由申请人提供）： 摘要 小儿脑部疾病，如创伤、肿瘤、癫痫、自闭症和其他发育障碍，在 5 岁以下儿童中很常见。 生命的最初 5 年也是大脑发育的关键，因为神经元规范和髓鞘形成发生。 在这个快速生长和发育的时期，大脑非常容易受到基因表达损伤、暴露或错误的影响。 与成人一样，磁共振成像是评估儿童大脑的首选方式，但商业供应商目前对儿童群体的服务不足。 没有一家主要供应商提供最先进的儿科尺寸头部线圈，而第三方供应商使用过时的技术。 由于扫描时间长且可能出现运动伪影，MR 需要镇静或麻醉。 此外，镇静和麻醉本身也存在风险，特别是对于幼儿来说，会降低 MR 的可用性并增加 MR 扫描的成本。 因此，尽管 CT 对未成熟大脑中的实质异常特别不敏感，并且会增加辐射引起的认知缺陷的风险，但仍经常选择 CT。 该项目的总体目标是创建特定年龄的 32 通道头部线圈和加速运动不敏感脉冲序列，从而允许 5 岁以下儿童在 15 分钟内进行高质量的免镇静扫描。 该项目的具体目标是： 具体目标1：为足月婴儿、6个月大的孩子、1岁的孩子和2-4岁的孩子设计、开发和测试32通道头部线圈。 具体目标 2：设计、开发和测试 T1 (3D FLASH) 和 T2 (T2 SPACE) 对比度以及扩散张量成像 (DTI) 的运动不敏感序列。 具体目标 3：在 20 名 5 岁以下儿童中对这种运动不敏感加速方案进行真实世界测试。 将使用适合年龄的行为方法来帮助孩子们进行 15 分钟的扫描。 我们预计线圈技术和运动校正方面的这些进步将显着减少成像时间，并使无需镇静或麻醉的儿科 MR 成像更加可行，并使我们最年轻和最脆弱的患者更容易获得 MR 成像。 公共健康相关性：磁共振成像是评估幼儿大脑异常的最安全、最敏感的方式，但由于需要镇静或麻醉，风险增加，可用性有限且费用高昂。 使用儿科专用多通道头部线圈减少扫描时间并设计运动不敏感脉冲序列将允许在 15 分钟内完成评估，而不是目前的 45 分钟。 这些进步与适合年龄的行为技术相结合，很有可能使年轻和弱势群体的免镇静扫描成为可能。