MRI-Navigated 2-Channel TMS with 60-channel EEG Instrument

配备 60 通道 EEG 仪器的 MRI 导航 2 通道 TMS

• 批准号: 7389324
• 负责人: JOHN W BELLIVEAU
• 金额: $ 49.74万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-03-01 至 2010-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7389324
• 关键词: Animal Model; Area; Arts; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain Part; Cognition; Compatible; Coupling; Data; Disease; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology (science); Etiology; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Funding; Funding Applicant; Health; Human; Human Engineering; Image; Indium; Individual; Invasive; Lesion; Link; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetism; Methods; Migraine; Modeling; Monitor; Neurosciences; Noise; Numbers; Perception; Peripheral; Physiologic pulse; Process; Property; Public Health; Pulse taking; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; Stroke; System; Technology; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Validation; Work; base; bioimaging; cognitive neuroscience; hemodynamics; human study; indexing; instrument; millisecond; neuroimaging; parallel processing; relating to nervous system; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Funds are requested for acquisition of a 2-channel transcranial magnetic stimulator (TMS) with simultaneous 60-channel electroencephalography (EEG) and 6-channel electromyogram (EMG) recording capability to the MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging. The fully integrated instrument system includes an advanced frameless stereotactic navigator that allows instantaneous calculation of the stimulated brain location and the direction and strength of the induced neural currents based on the individual subject's magnetic resonance image (MRI). The proposed TMS system allows non-invasive and safe inhibition or excitation of specific cortical areas, essentially switching the stimulated brain areas ON or OFF for a short time (~tens of milliseconds), thus enhancing or interrupting ongoing processing in the targeted brain areas. This powerful technology is the only method to allow non-invasive validation of models of human brain functions based on neuroimaging (fMRI/MEG/EEG/PET) data. Accurate navigation is needed to target the specific brain areas previously shown to be active with neuroimaging tools. Two TMS channels are needed to stimulate two different brain locations with a TMS pulse simultaneously or in rapid succession. This is necessary because even simple stimuli and tasks activate an anatomically dispersed network with nodes in widely separate parts of the brain, and in order to probe network properties and parallel processing in the human brain, TMS of one area is often not sufficient to significantly modulate brain function and/or behavioral indices. The simultaneous EEG allows direct on-line monitoring of how brain functions are modulated as a result of TMS and estimating functional connectivity across brain areas, offering a unique window into actually understanding causal connections between different brain areas and establishing causality between brain functions and perception/cognition/behavior. This robust combination of features thus allows full-scale reverse engineering of the human brain. This instrument will therefore benefit all ongoing studies of human brain functional organization. Further, some of our human studies focusing on haemodynamics- electrophysiology coupling should expect roughly 500-fold signal-to-noise increases by using navigated TMS instead of peripheral sensory stimulation for brain activation. Finally, our stroke and migraine studies will utilize simultaneous TMS+EEG to estimate cortical viability and excitability. The Nexstim eXimia navigator and EEG systems, along with two Medtronic MagPro X100 MagOption stimulators and Medtronic coils, were selected because of the individual state-of-the art components were found to be best suited to serve our wide user base. The eXimia EEG is also the only commercially available TMS- compatible EEG system, and no other combination offers navigation and simultaneous TMS and EEG/EMG in a seamless fully integrated instrument system. The navigated TMS+EEG instrument will be regularly employed by a large number of NIH funded projects, each of which is relevant to public health by helping to understand how the human brain works in health and disease. Validation of models (that are typically driven by imaging data) is a key element in any scientific reasoning; yet, in neuroscience, this has mainly relied on animal models or human stroke/lesion studies. This instrument allows safe and noninvasive reverse engineering of human brain functional organization and will thus have a strong impact on the validation of cognitive neuroscience models, while it will also increase our understanding of the haemodynamics-electrophysiology link as well as stroke and migraine pathophysiology.

描述（由申请人提供）：需要资金为 MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula 购买具有同步 60 通道脑电图 (EEG) 和 6 通道肌电图 (EMG) 记录功能的 2 通道经颅磁刺激器 (TMS) A. 马蒂诺斯生物医学成像中心。完全集成的仪器系统包括先进的无框架立体定向导航器，可以根据个体受试者的磁共振图像 (MRI) 即时计算受刺激的大脑位置以及感应神经电流的方向和强度。所提出的 TMS 系统允许对特定皮质区域进行非侵入性且安全的抑制或激发，本质上是在短时间内（约数十毫秒）打开或关闭受刺激的大脑区域，从而增强或中断目标大脑区域正在进行的处理。这项强大的技术是基于神经影像 (fMRI/MEG/EEG/PET) 数据对人脑功能模型进行非侵入性验证的唯一方法。需要精确的导航来瞄准先前通过神经影像工具显示活跃的特定大脑区域。需要两个 TMS 通道来同时或快速连续地用 TMS 脉冲刺激两个不同的大脑位置。这是必要的，因为即使是简单的刺激和任务也会激活解剖学上分散的网络，其节点分布在大脑的广泛不同部分，并且为了探测人脑中的网络特性和并行处理，一个区域的 TMS 通常不足以显着调节大脑功能和/或行为指数。同步脑电图可以直接在线监测 TMS 如何调节大脑功能，并估计大脑区域之间的功能连接，为实际理解不同大脑区域之间的因果关系以及建立大脑功能和感知/感知之间的因果关系提供了一个独特的窗口。认知/行为。因此，这种强大的功能组合允许对人脑进行全面的逆向工程。因此，该仪器将有利于所有正在进行的人脑功能组织研究。此外，我们的一些专注于血流动力学-电生理学耦合的人体研究预计，通过使用导航 TMS 而不是外周感觉刺激来激活大脑，信噪比会增加大约 500 倍。最后，我们的中风和偏头痛研究将利用同步 TMS+EEG 来估计皮质活力和兴奋性。选择 Nexstim eXimia 导航器和 EEG 系统，以及两个 Medtronic MagPro X100 MagOption 刺激器和 Medtronic 线圈，是因为我们发现各个最先进的组件最适合为我们广泛的用户群服务。 eXimia EEG 也是唯一商用的 TMS 兼容 EEG 系统，没有其他组合可以在无缝的完全集成仪器系统中提供导航和同步 TMS 和 EEG/EMG。 这种导航 TMS+EEG 仪器将定期被 NIH 资助的大量项目所采用，每个项目都与公共卫生相关，有助于了解人脑在健康和疾病中的工作原理。模型验证（通常由成像数据驱动）是任何科学推理的关键要素；然而，在神经科学中，这主要依赖于动物模型或人类中风/病变研究。该仪器可以对人脑功能组织进行安全、无创的逆向工程，从而对认知神经科学模型的验证产生重大影响，同时也将增加我们对血流动力学-电生理学联系以及中风和偏头痛病理生理学的理解。