PHYSIOLOGY OF MACAQUE HORIZONTAL CELLS: THEIR ROLE IN SPATIAL AND COLOR VISION

猕猴水平细胞的生理学：它们在空间和色觉中的作用

• 批准号: 8172732
• 负责人: DENNIS MICHAEL DACEY
• 金额: $ 15.51万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8172732
• 关键词: Cells; Code; Color; Color Visions; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Coupled; Coupling; Feedback; Funding; Gap Junctions; Goals; Grant; Institution; Light Adaptations; Macaca; Measures; Pathway interactions; Pharmacology; Photoreceptors; Physiology; Play; Primates; Regulation; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Retina; Retinal; Retinal Cone; Role; Signal Transduction; Site; Source; Structure; Synapses; United States National Institutes of Health; cell type; fovea centralis; ganglion cell; horizontal cell; receptive field; relating to nervous system; retinal neuron; simulation

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The goal of this project is to determine the role that the cell types of the outer retina play in light adaptation, color-coding and receptive field structure. Over the last year the project has focused on the role of the H1 horizontal cella key interneuronby characterizing sensitivity regulation, receptive field structure and cone input. First, we have made significant progress in understanding how the spatial receptive field of the H1 horizontal cell contributes to the surrounds of inner retinal neurons. The primate H1 horizontal cells are coupled to each other electrically by gap junctions and access the cone-bipolar-ganglion cell pathway by feedback at the cone-H1 synapse. We have determined how direct synaptic input and coupled input interact to form a receptive field and have measured the relative contributions of these components using pharmacology and neural simulations. In the fovea, coupling is reduced and the receptive field size of H1 cells shrinks to create a surround derived from only a handful of cones. These results suggest strongly that this pathway is a critical component of the foveal 'midget' red-green color-opponent pathway. Finally, as part of an ongoing study of sensitivity regulation in the outer retina we have characterized how H1 and H2 horizontal cells contribute to retinal light adaptation by measuring the way in which signals from L, M and S cones are desensitized over the photopic range of light adaptation. From these results we have concluded that the first retinal synapse between H1 cells and photoreceptors is a major site for sensitivity regulation in outer retina.

该副本是利用众多研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子弹和 调查员（PI）可能已经从其他NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他清晰的条目中代表。列出的机构是 对于中心，这不一定是调查员的机构。 该项目的目的是确定视网膜外部视网膜的细胞类型在光适应，颜色编码和接受场结构中发挥的作用。在过去的一年中，该项目通过表征灵敏度调节，接受场结构和锥体输入来关注H1水平细胞A键中间神经元的作用。首先，我们在理解H1水平细胞的空间接受场如何有助于内部视网膜神经元的周围方面取得了重大进展。灵长类动物H1水平细胞通过间隙连接互相耦合，并通过锥-H1突触处的反馈访问锥双极旋转细胞途径。我们已经确定了直接的突触输入和耦合输入如何相互作用以形成一个接受场，并使用药理学和神经模拟测量了这些组件的相对贡献。在中央凹中，耦合减小，H1细胞的接收场大小缩小，以创建仅来自少数锥体的周围。这些结果强烈表明，该途径是foveal“侏儒”红绿色颜色途径的关键组成部分。最后，作为对外视网膜敏感性调节的持续研究的一部分，我们表征了H1和H2水平细胞如何通过测量L，M和S锥体在光适应光的光范围内脱敏的信号通过测量信号脱敏的方式来促进视网膜光适应的一部分。从这些结果中，我们得出的结论是，H1细胞和感光体之间的第一个视网膜突触是外视网膜敏感性调节的主要部位。