PHYSIOLOGY OF MACAQUE HORIZONTAL CELLS: THEIR ROLE IN SPATIAL AND COLOR VISION

猕猴水平细胞的生理学：它们在空间和色觉中的作用

• 批准号: 8172732
• 负责人: DENNIS MICHAEL DACEY
• 金额: $ 15.51万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8172732
• 关键词: Cells; Code; Color; Color Visions; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Coupled; Coupling; Feedback; Funding; Gap Junctions; Goals; Grant; Institution; Light Adaptations; Macaca; Measures; Pathway interactions; Pharmacology; Photoreceptors; Physiology; Play; Primates; Regulation; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Retina; Retinal; Retinal Cone; Role; Signal Transduction; Site; Source; Structure; Synapses; United States National Institutes of Health; cell type; fovea centralis; ganglion cell; horizontal cell; receptive field; relating to nervous system; retinal neuron; simulation

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The goal of this project is to determine the role that the cell types of the outer retina play in light adaptation, color-coding and receptive field structure. Over the last year the project has focused on the role of the H1 horizontal cella key interneuronby characterizing sensitivity regulation, receptive field structure and cone input. First, we have made significant progress in understanding how the spatial receptive field of the H1 horizontal cell contributes to the surrounds of inner retinal neurons. The primate H1 horizontal cells are coupled to each other electrically by gap junctions and access the cone-bipolar-ganglion cell pathway by feedback at the cone-H1 synapse. We have determined how direct synaptic input and coupled input interact to form a receptive field and have measured the relative contributions of these components using pharmacology and neural simulations. In the fovea, coupling is reduced and the receptive field size of H1 cells shrinks to create a surround derived from only a handful of cones. These results suggest strongly that this pathway is a critical component of the foveal 'midget' red-green color-opponent pathway. Finally, as part of an ongoing study of sensitivity regulation in the outer retina we have characterized how H1 and H2 horizontal cells contribute to retinal light adaptation by measuring the way in which signals from L, M and S cones are desensitized over the photopic range of light adaptation. From these results we have concluded that the first retinal synapse between H1 cells and photoreceptors is a major site for sensitivity regulation in outer retina.

该子项目是利用该技术的众多研究子项目之一 资源由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目及 研究者 (PI) 可能已从 NIH 的另一个来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中表示。列出的机构是 对于中心来说，它不一定是研究者的机构。 该项目的目标是确定外视网膜细胞类型在光适应、颜色编码和感受野结构中发挥的作用。去年，该项目通过表征敏感性调节、感受野结构和视锥细胞输入，重点研究了 H1 水平细胞（关键中间神经元）的作用。首先，我们在理解 H1 水平细胞的空间感受野如何影响视网膜内部神经元周围方面取得了重大进展。灵长类 H1 水平细胞通过间隙连接相互电耦合，并通过锥体 H1 突触的反馈进入锥体双极神经节细胞通路。我们已经确定了直接突触输入和耦合输入如何相互作用以形成感受野，并使用药理学和神经模拟测量了这些成分的相对贡献。在中央凹中，耦合减少，H1 细胞的感受野大小缩小，形成仅由少数视锥细胞衍生的周围环境。这些结果强烈表明该通路是中央凹“侏儒”红-绿色对手通路的关键组成部分。最后，作为正在进行的外视网膜敏感性调节研究的一部分，我们通过测量来自 L、M 和 S 视锥细胞的信号在明视范围内脱敏的方式，描述了 H1 和 H2 水平细胞如何促进视网膜光适应。光适应。从这些结果我们得出结论，H1 细胞和光感受器之间的第一个视网膜突触是外视网膜敏感性调节的主要部位。