Survey of HIV-related Behaviors of the Maasai of Tanzania

坦桑尼亚马赛人艾滋病毒相关行为调查

• 批准号: 7496205
• 负责人: Aaron Julius Siegler
• 金额: $ 2.65万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-05-22 至 2011-05-21
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7496205
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Address; Adolescent; Adoption; Adult; Age; Area; Behavior; Belief; Cessation of life; Cognitive; Communities; Condition; Country; Custom; Data; Elderly; Epidemic; Failure; Female Circumcision; Focus Groups; Foundations; Goals; HIV; Health behavior; Individual; Institution; Intervention; Interview; Kenya; Knowledge; Language; Life; Male Circumcision; Measurement; Measures; Methods; National Institute of Mental Health; Numbers; Other Finding; Participant; Partner in relationship; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Population; Pregnancy; Prevalence; Prevention intervention; Prevention program; Primary Prevention; Procedures; Program Development; Public Health; Publishing; Randomized; Range; Rate; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Project Grants; Research Training; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Series; Sex Behavior; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Spouses; Survey Methodology; Surveys; Tanzania; Teenagers; Testing; Tribes; Unmarried; Upper arm; Validity of Self Report; Virginity; Voice; Wife; age group; aged; career; condoms; design; girls; instrument; male; member; novel; prevent; programs; psychosocial; response; sedentary; sex; size; social; sound; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This research plan proposes to conduct a randomized survey to assess sexual behaviors related to HIV transmission and their predictors among several communities of the Maasai Tribe of Tanzania. The HIV epidemic has severely afflicted Tanzania, and the Maasai Tribe may be at uniquely high risk due to sexual practices such as large age gaps between spouses (15-45 years), sexual access to age-mates wives (wife- sharing), sanctioned sex between unmarried warriors aged 15-29 and pre-pubescent girls aged 8-13, and female circumcision. Despite this unique risk profile and the large population of the Maasai tribe (estimates between 1/¿-1 million members), no published studies have measured the prevalence of these behaviors among the Maasai. This proposal seeks to determine the prevalence of HIV-related risk factors and their predictors in order to inform design of HIV prevention interventions that's both culturally appropriate and efficacious. To achieve this objective, the research project will adapt measures to create a culturally and linguistically appropriate survey instrument and analyze the results to determine prevalence of sexual practices and predictors of these practices. Additionally, the research project will assess the impact of an experimental procedure designed to increase validity of self-report measures of sexual behavior. The proposed project addresses an area of high priority identified by NIMH Division of AIDS and Health and Behavior Research (DAHBR) in that it seeks to identify individual and social factors that would impact HIV risk reduction. The proposal also addresses an area of emphasis within the DAHBR Research Training and Career Development Program: the goal of promoting global adoption of primary prevention interventions. It addresses this goal by providing a foundation of knowledge that is a necessary first step to providing culturally appropriate and relevant HIV primary prevention programs. This research seeks to conduct of survey of sexual behaviors related to HIV among the Maasai of Tanzania, a group that may be at uniquely high risk for the spread of HIV. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The relevance of this research to public health is that it will provide a foundation of information that will enable the design and provision of effective HIV prevention interventions.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究计划建议进行一项随机调查，以评估坦桑尼亚马赛部落几个社区中与艾滋病毒传播相关的性行为及其预测因素。艾滋病毒流行严重影响了坦桑尼亚，马赛部落可能会受到影响。由于性行为而面临独特的高风险，例如配偶之间年龄差距较大（15-45岁）、与同龄妻子发生性关系（共享妻子）、未婚战士之间批准的性行为15-29 岁和 8-13 岁青春期前的女孩，以及女性割礼 尽管存在这种独特的风险状况并且马赛部落人口众多（估计在 1/¿-1 百万成员之间），但尚未发表的研究测量了患病率。该提案旨在确定与艾滋病毒相关的危险因素及其预测因素的流行情况，以便为设计既适合文化又有效的艾滋病毒预防干预措施提供信息。项目将采取措施创建一个适合文化和语言的调查工具，并分析结果以确定性行为的流行程度和这些行为的预测因素。此外，该研究项目还将评估旨在提高自我报告有效性的实验程序的影响。拟议的项目涉及 NIMH 艾滋病和健康与行为研究部 (DAHBR) 确定的高度优先领域，因为它旨在确定会影响降低艾滋病毒风险的个人和社会因素。解决 DAHBR 研究培训中的一个重点领域职业发展计划：促进全球采用初级预防干预措施的目标是通过提供知识基础来实现这一目标，这是提供文化上适当和相关的艾滋病毒初级预防计划的必要第一步。坦桑尼亚马赛人中与艾滋病毒相关的性行为，该群体可能是艾滋病毒传播的独特高风险群体。 公共卫生相关性：这项研究与公共卫生的相关性在于，它将提供一个信息基础，使设计和提供有效的艾滋病毒预防干预措施成为可能。