Revictimization, Emotional Regulation and PTSD

再次受害、情绪调节和创伤后应激障碍

• 批准号: 7612515
• 负责人: Katie L Walsh
• 金额: $ 3.73万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-17 至 2010-09-16
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7612515
• 关键词: Adult; Audiotape; Behavioral; Cognitive; Condition; Control Groups; Cues; Detection; Development; Emotional; Emotions; Ensure; Event; Expressed Emotion; Female; Forcible intercourse; Goals; HIV; Health; Hearing; Impairment; Individual; Judgment; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Memory; Mental Depression; Methods; Moods; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Prevention; Procedures; Purpose; Randomized; Rate; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Resistance; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Substance abuse problem; Survivors; Victimization; Woman; assault; base; cost; emotion regulation; emotional experience; experience; male; negative emotional state; negative mood; response; sexual assault; treatment program

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent theoretical writings suggest that the ineffective regulation of negative emotional states may reduce the ability of women to detect and respond effectively to situational and interpersonal factors that increase risk for sexual assault. Although studies have found relationships between negative emotions and maladaptive responses to stressful interpersonal situations, there is a paucity of research examining the relationship between emotions and individuals' abilities to detect risk for sexual assault. Therefore, one goal of the proposed project is to examine the impact of experimentally-induced negative mood on risk response impairments. Furthermore, based on research suggesting that prior sexual victimization increases risk for sexual assault, this study will investigate whether a history of prior sexual victimization interacts with negative mood to further increase impairments in risk responses. Finally, studies have found that some emotion regulation strategies are less adaptive than others. For example, the emotion regulation strategy of suppression (concealing emotional states) requires significant cognitive resources and can impair memory for emotional events. Thus, it is possible that individuals who engage in suppression may be less adept at identifying and responding to situational cues that signify increased risk of assault. As such, this study also will explore whether sexually victimized women are more likely to use suppression during a hypothetical sexual assault vignette, and whether the use of suppression mediates the relationship between sexual victimization and risk recognition deficits. The present study will recruit a sample of undergraduate women to ensure a substantial base rate of sexual victimization. Participants will be randomly assigned to either a neutral or negative mood induction procedure. After, they will hear a sexual assault vignette depicting a coercive dating situation, during which they will be instructed to indicate when the male in the vignette has "gone too far" and to describe how they would respond as the female in the vignette. Participants then will complete self-report measures indicating the degree to which they utilized particular emotion regulation strategies when making judgments about the vignette. Finally, participants will be instructed to recall as many details of the vignette as possible in order to examine the cognitive costs of regulating emotional experiences during the sexual assault vignette. Sexual victimization is an endemic societal problem that has been associated with myriad sequelae such as depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, substance abuse, interpersonal difficulties, and serious health problems such as HIV. Thus, understanding risk factors for victimization is critical to the development of effective sexual assault prevention and treatment programs.

描述（由申请人提供）：最近的理论著作表明，对负面情绪状态的无效调节可能会降低女性有效发现和应对增加性侵犯风险的情境和人际因素的能力。尽管研究发现负面情绪与对紧张的人际情境的适应不良反应之间存在关系，但很少有研究探讨情绪与个人检测性侵犯风险的能力之间的关系。因此，拟议项目的目标之一是检查实验诱发的负面情绪对风险反应损伤的影响。此外，基于研究表明先前的性受害会增加性侵犯的风险，本研究将调查先前的性受害史是否与负面情绪相互作用，以进一步增加风险反应的损害。最后，研究发现一些情绪调节策略的适应性不如其他策略。例如，抑制（隐藏情绪状态）的情绪调节策略需要大量的认知资源，并且可能会损害情绪事件的记忆。因此，参与压制的个人可能不太擅长识别和应对表明攻击风险增加的情境线索。因此，本研究还将探讨性受害女性是否更有可能在假设的性侵犯场景中使用压制，以及压制的使用是否会调节性受害与风险认知缺陷之间的关系。本研究将招募本科女性样本，以确保性受害的基本比率。参与者将被随机分配到中性或消极情绪诱导程序。之后，他们将听到描述强制约会情况的性侵犯小插曲，在此期间，他们将被指示指出插曲中的男性何时“走得太远”，并描述他们作为插曲中的女性将如何反应。然后，参与者将完成自我报告测量，表明他们在对小插图做出判断时使用特定情绪调节策略的程度。最后，参与者将被要求回忆尽可能多的小插曲细节，以检查在性侵犯小插曲期间调节情绪体验的认知成本。性受害是一个普遍存在的社会问题，与多种后遗症有关，例如抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍、药物滥用、人际交往困难以及艾滋病毒等严重健康问题。因此，了解受害的风险因素对于制定有效的性侵犯预防和治疗计划至关重要。