Exploring the Effects of TMS on Cortical Oscillations

探索 TMS 对皮质振荡的影响

• 批准号: 8122182
• 负责人: Jeffrey Scott Johnson
• 金额: $ 4.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-28 至 2012-08-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8122182
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; Area; Attention; Behavior; Brain; Brain region; Characteristics; Cognitive; Etiology; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Human; Impaired cognition; Individual; Individual Differences; Lesion; Magnetism; Memory; Methods; Nature; Neurology; Neurons; Neurosciences Research; Noise; Parietal; Performance; Play; Positron-Emission Tomography; Procedures; Process; Reporting; Role; Schizophrenia; Short-Term Memory; Source; Stimulus; Testing; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Visual; Work; cognitive function; cognitive neuroscience; improved; memory recognition; novel; relating to nervous system; research study; tool; virtual

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): EEG recording studies in humans have revealed the presence of oscillatory rhythms in brain activity, and D oscillations in different frequency bands have been associated with cognitive processes such as working D memory. Additionally, alterations of oscillatory activity are found in psychiatric illnesses such as D schizophrenia. Despite their apparent relevance, however, the role of neural oscillations in cognitive D processes are as yet poorly understood. The proposed project explores these issues using simultaneous D transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and EEG recording. Specifically, the present proposal assesses D two proposals regarding the mechanisms by which TMS influences ongoing neural activity and hence D behavior. The first proposal holds that TMS achieves it effects by injecting electrical noise into task-related D neural areas, producing characteristic declines in performance. However, this proposal is inconsistent with D findings of TMS-related improvements in performance, which have been reported in several studies. Thus, C an alternative account holds that TMS interacts in subtle ways with ongoing neural activity related to the D performance of specific tasks, producing disruptions or improvements in performance depending on the D nature of the interaction. This issue is explored in an experiment comparing the effects of 10-Hz repetitive D (r)TMS on neural activity, to the effects of 10-Hz visual flicker, which is known to produce widespread D entrainment (i.e. disruption) of neural activity to the flicker frequency. Two additional experiments explore 7 task-related changes in neural oscillations, and how TMS can be used to alter such oscillations, producing u improvements or disruptions in performance at the individual subject level. D D The proposed project will help to clarify how neurostimulation methods such as transcranial magnetic D stimulation (TMS) influence ongoing neural activity, and will contribute decisively to our understanding of D the role of neural oscillations in cognitive processes such as working memory. Moreover, the methods D developed here will point the way towards the use of TMS in the exploration and treatment of abnormal D oscillations found in psychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类的EEG记录研究表明，脑活动中存在振荡性节奏，并且不同频段中的D振荡与认知过程（例如工作D记忆）有关。另外，在精神病（例如精神分裂症）中发现了振荡活性的改变。但是，尽管它们显然相关，但是神经振荡在认知D过程中的作用尚未理解。拟议的项目使用同时进行的D经颅磁刺激（TMS）和EEG记录探讨了这些问题。具体而言，本提案评估了关于TMS影响持续神经活动的机制的两个提案，从而d行为。第一个建议认为，TMS通过将电噪声注入与任务相关的D神经区域，从而实现其影响，从而导致性能下降。但是，该提案与TMS相关性能改善的发现不一致，这在几项研究中已有报道。因此，C一个替代说明认为，TMS与与特定任务的D性能有关的持续的神经活动以微妙的方式进行交互，从而根据相互作用的D性质产生干扰或性能的改善。在一项实验中探讨了这个问题，该实验将10-Hz重复的D（R）TMS对神经活动的影响与10 Hz视觉闪烁的影响进行了比较，该闪烁已知，该闪烁会产生广泛的D夹带（即破坏）神经活动与闪烁频率。另外两个实验探讨了7种与任务相关的神经振荡变化，以及如何使用TMS来改变此类振荡，在单个受试者水平上产生U的改进或绩效中断。 d d该提出的项目将有助于阐明神经刺激方法（例如经颅磁D刺激（TMS））如何影响正在进行的神经活动，并将果断地有助于我们对D神经振荡在诸如工作记忆等认知过程中的作用。此外，此处开发的方法将指向使用TMS在精神病（如精神分裂症）中发现的异常D振荡中使用TMS的道路。