Exploring the Effects of TMS on Cortical Oscillations

探索 TMS 对皮质振荡的影响

• 批准号: 8122182
• 负责人: Jeffrey Scott Johnson
• 金额: $ 4.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-28 至 2012-08-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8122182
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; Area; Attention; Behavior; Brain; Brain region; Characteristics; Cognitive; Etiology; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Human; Impaired cognition; Individual; Individual Differences; Lesion; Magnetism; Memory; Methods; Nature; Neurology; Neurons; Neurosciences Research; Noise; Parietal; Performance; Play; Positron-Emission Tomography; Procedures; Process; Reporting; Role; Schizophrenia; Short-Term Memory; Source; Stimulus; Testing; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Visual; Work; cognitive function; cognitive neuroscience; improved; memory recognition; novel; relating to nervous system; research study; tool; virtual

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): EEG recording studies in humans have revealed the presence of oscillatory rhythms in brain activity, and D oscillations in different frequency bands have been associated with cognitive processes such as working D memory. Additionally, alterations of oscillatory activity are found in psychiatric illnesses such as D schizophrenia. Despite their apparent relevance, however, the role of neural oscillations in cognitive D processes are as yet poorly understood. The proposed project explores these issues using simultaneous D transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and EEG recording. Specifically, the present proposal assesses D two proposals regarding the mechanisms by which TMS influences ongoing neural activity and hence D behavior. The first proposal holds that TMS achieves it effects by injecting electrical noise into task-related D neural areas, producing characteristic declines in performance. However, this proposal is inconsistent with D findings of TMS-related improvements in performance, which have been reported in several studies. Thus, C an alternative account holds that TMS interacts in subtle ways with ongoing neural activity related to the D performance of specific tasks, producing disruptions or improvements in performance depending on the D nature of the interaction. This issue is explored in an experiment comparing the effects of 10-Hz repetitive D (r)TMS on neural activity, to the effects of 10-Hz visual flicker, which is known to produce widespread D entrainment (i.e. disruption) of neural activity to the flicker frequency. Two additional experiments explore 7 task-related changes in neural oscillations, and how TMS can be used to alter such oscillations, producing u improvements or disruptions in performance at the individual subject level. D D The proposed project will help to clarify how neurostimulation methods such as transcranial magnetic D stimulation (TMS) influence ongoing neural activity, and will contribute decisively to our understanding of D the role of neural oscillations in cognitive processes such as working memory. Moreover, the methods D developed here will point the way towards the use of TMS in the exploration and treatment of abnormal D oscillations found in psychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类脑电图记录研究揭示了大脑活动中存在振荡节律，并且不同频段的 D 振荡与认知过程（例如工作 D 记忆）相关。此外，在 D 型精神分裂症等精神疾病中也发现了振荡活动的改变。然而，尽管神经振荡具有明显的相关性，但人们对神经振荡在认知 D 过程中的作用仍知之甚少。拟议的项目使用同步 D 经颅磁刺激 (TMS) 和脑电图记录来探索这些问题。具体来说，本提案评估了关于 TMS 影响持续神经活动以及 D 行为的机制的两项提案。第一个提议认为，TMS 通过向与任务相关的 D 神经区域注入电噪声来实现其效果，从而产生特征性的性能下降。然而，该提议与 TMS 相关性能改善的 D 发现不一致，该结果已在多项研究中报告。因此，C 的另一种解释认为，TMS 以微妙的方式与与特定任务的 D 表现相关的持续神经活动相互作用，根据相互作用的 D 性质产生性能的破坏或改进。在一项实验中探讨了这个问题，该实验比较了 10 Hz 重复 D (r)TMS 对神经活动的影响与 10 Hz 视觉闪烁的影响，众所周知，视觉闪烁会产生广泛的 D 夹带（即破坏）神经活动闪烁频率。另外两项实验探索了 7 个与任务相关的神经振荡变化，以及如何使用 TMS 来改变此类振荡，从而在个体受试者水平上提高或破坏表现。拟议的项目将有助于阐明经颅磁刺激（TMS）等神经刺激方法如何影响正在进行的神经活动，并将对我们理解神经振荡在工作记忆等认知过程中的作用做出决定性贡献。此外，这里开发的 D 方法将为使用 TMS 探索和治疗精神分裂症等精神疾病中发现的异常 D 振荡指明道路。