Alcohol Advertising, Drinking and Driving: A Study of Underage Youth and Adults

酒精广告、酒后驾驶：针对未成年人和成人的研究

• 批准号: 8189666
• 负责人: Dean R Lillard
• 金额: $ 23.95万
• 依托单位: CORNELL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8189666
• 关键词: 20 year old; 21 year old; Accidents; Adolescence; Adult; Advertisements; Advertising; Affect; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; American; Attention; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Characteristics; Consumption; Costs and Benefits; County; DSM-IV; Data; Data Sources; Drowning; Drunk driving; Econometric Models; Expenditure; Exposure to; Forcible intercourse; Goals; Grant; Health; Heavy Drinking; Homicide; Individual; Industry; Informal Social Control; Journals; Label; Link; Literature; Manufacturer Name; Marketing; Mass Media; Measures; Modeling; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Policies; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Role; Safety; Sales; Sampling; Services; Suicide; Taxes; Teenagers; Television; Tobacco; Traffic accidents; United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; Youth; adolescent alcohol; alcohol advertising; alcohol exposure; alcohol monitoring; behavior influence; binge drinking; cost; drinking; drinking behavior; driving behavior; driving under influence; improved; killings; mental development; public policy on alcohol; sexual assault; statistics; trafficking; underage drinking; university student

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Some of the most significant and pervasive public health problems in the US are linked to driving under the influence of alcohol by drinkers of all ages and to underage alcohol consumption. Alcohol is the drug of choice for American youth, although it is illegal for those under the age of 21 to purchase. In 2004, roughly 28.7 percent or 10.8 million youth age 12 to 20 reported having had a drink in the past month (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2007). Although youth of these ages drink less often than the 6 days per month that the average adult drinks, when they do drink youth drink more (a per-occasion average of 5 versus 2.5 drinks of adults 26 and older). In data on the amount they drank in the past month, nearly 19.7 percent or 7.4 million youth report that they consume 5 or more drinks per occasion - an amount that is often labeled "heavy episodic" drinking. Because alcohol is implicated in all kinds of behaviors that affect health, these statistics represent a serious public health dilemma. For example, in 2006 alcohol was involved in traffic accidents that killed 13,740 people in the U.S., almost one-third of all traffic fatalities (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2008). About 1,900 of those who die annually in alcohol-related accidents were under the age of 21. While a number of influences may affect whether and how much youth drink, evidence suggests that alcohol advertising may play a role in drinking behavior. In 2006 alcohol manufacturers spent $1.3 billion advertising their products on television and in magazines (Center on Alcohol Monitoring and Youth, 2007). Until now, the alcohol industry, broadly defined, has regulated itself with respect to advertising. Despite this self-regulation, in 2006 an average youth saw 284 television and 90 magazine alcohol advertisements. Although there is a large empirical literature that investigates the relationship between drinking and advertising, few studies combine the data and study design required to identify whether advertising exposure causes people to drink more or whether the association is spurious. In this project we will use unique data on media people view to create new and improved measures of their exposure to alcohol advertisements and alcohol-related Public Service Announcements (PSAs) in magazines and on television. The goal of the project is to estimate whether exposure affects behavior influenced by alcohol. These behaviors include whether and how much people drink, whether they drink and drive, and the number alcohol-related traffic fatalities that occur in the US. We pay special attention to alcohol consumption, drinking and driving behavior of underage youth. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The project aims to estimate the causal relationship between exposure to alcohol advertising and individual decisions to drink, drink heavily, drink and drive, and ride with people who have been drinking. We will use unique data that track both mass media consumption and alcohol consumption. We use three independent data sources on drinking behavior to provide evidence from multiple samples.

描述（由申请人提供）：美国一些最重要，最普遍的公共卫生问题与所有年龄段的饮酒者的饮酒影响和未成年饮酒量有关。酒精是美国青年的首选药物，尽管对于21岁以下的人来说是非法的。 2004年，大约28.7％或1080万年龄在12至20岁的青年报告中曾在过去一个月喝酒（滥用药物和心理健康服务管理局，2007年）。尽管这些年龄段的青年饮酒少于每月平均饮料的每月6天，但当他们喝饮料时，年轻人喝更多的饮料（每年平均每年的饮酒量为5，而2.5杯26岁及以上的成年人饮料）。在过去一个月中喝酒的数量的数据，将近19.7％或740万年轻人报告说，他们每次消费5杯或更多饮料 - 通常被标记为“沉重的情节性”饮酒。由于酒精与影响健康的各种行为有关，因此这些统计数据代表了严重的公共卫生困境。例如，2006年，酒精涉及交通事故，在美国造成13,740人死亡，几乎是所有交通死亡人数的三分之一（国家公路交通安全管理局，2008年）。每年在与酒精有关的事故中死亡的人中约有1,900人在21岁以下。尽管有许多影响可能会影响青年饮料是否以及多少饮料，但有证据表明酒精广告可能在饮酒行为中起作用。 2006年，酒精制造商花了13亿美元在电视和杂志上宣传其产品（酒精监测与青年中心，2007年）。到目前为止，广泛定义的酒精行业对广告进行了调节。尽管有这种自我调节，但在2006年，一名平均年轻人看到了284台电视和90个杂志酒精广告。尽管有大量的经验文献研究饮酒和广告之间的关系，但很少有研究结合数据和研究设计所需的数据，以确定广告曝光是否会导致人们喝更多的饮酒或该协会是否虚假。在这个项目中，我们将在媒体上使用独特的数据，以创建新的和改进的衡量酒精广告和与酒精相关的公共服务公告（PSA）（PSA）的衡量标准。该项目的目的是估计暴露是否影响受酒精影响的行为。这些行为包括是否有多少人喝酒，是否喝酒和驾驶以及与酒精相关的交通死亡人数。我们特别注意未成年青年的饮酒，饮酒和驾驶行为。 公共卫生相关性：该项目旨在估计暴露于酒精广告的因果关系与饮酒，喝酒和驾车的个人决定之间的因果关系，并与一直在喝酒的人一起骑车。我们将使用跟踪大众媒体消费和饮酒的独特数据。我们使用三个独立的数据源来提供饮酒行为，以提供多个样本的证据。