Development of Radiation-Hard Single-Sided Silicon Pixel Detectors using Planar p-type Technology

使用平面 p 型技术开发抗辐射单面硅像素探测器

基本信息

批准号：
ST/G001472/1
负责人：
Gianluigi Casse
金额：
$ 12.94万
依托单位：
University of Liverpool
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2008 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FG001472%2F1
关键词：
Development Radiation Hard Single Sided

项目摘要

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN already requires unprecedented radiation hardness because of the very high collision rate (billion proton-proton collisions per second) required to produced the rare high mass new particles for which the LHC was built to search. The radiation levels get worse the closer a detector sits to the collision point with the innermost detector systems, pixel detectors, being only a few cm away. After its first phase of operation, the LHC could be upgraded to search for even rarer or higher mass new particles by increasing this collision rate by a factor of 10. The dose rates then experienced in the layers closest to the collisions get a factor of 10 worse. Given that it is assumed standard technologies can barely serve for current operation at the LHC, groups have been looking to exotic alternatives for these innermost layers. A surprising result from work by the Liverpool Group when studying miniature microstrip detectors, with application further away from the centre of the experiment, was that they key parameter for operation as a particle detector, the charge collection efficiency, does not completely die away even at very high doses. Indeed, with p-type sensors but only planar processing, it looks possible to build detectors in much less exotic technologies that could work even at about 4cm from the primary collision point. It is proposed to translate this technology into the pixel designs needed at these low radii and to demonstrate survival at the doses expected there using pixel read-out electronics from ATLAS. The Liverpool Group are world experts at this sort of radiation testing for microstrips and wish to exploit their findings to demonstrate an alternative technology for the pixel detectors of ATLAS and CMS operating at the upgraded luminosity (Super-) LHC. If successful, it allows simpler technology which can be built by the leading world companies in providing silicon detectors to particle physics, with implications for both reliability and cost. It also allows the pixel detector array to be built in a uniform technology, rather than have special and different technology for the innermost layers. This should both help lead to a cheaper solution and allow many more companies (including UK ones) to compete for the production of silicon sensors for pixel detectors at the Super-LHC.

CERN 的大型强子对撞机 (LHC) 已经需要前所未有的辐射硬度，因为需要非常高的碰撞率（每秒十亿次质子-质子碰撞）才能产生罕见的高质量新粒子，而 LHC 正是为此而建造的。探测器距离最里面的探测器系统（像素探测器）的碰撞点越近，辐射水平就越差，距离只有几厘米。在第一阶段运行后，大型强子对撞机可以升级，通过将碰撞率提高 10 倍来寻找更稀有或更高质量的新粒子。然后，最接近碰撞的层中所经历的剂量率达到 10 倍更糟。鉴于标准技术几乎无法满足大型强子对撞机当前的运行需求，研究小组一直在为这些最内层寻找奇异的替代品。利物浦小组在研究微型微带探测器（其应用远离实验中心）时得出的令人惊讶的结果是，它们作为粒子探测器运行的关键参数，即电荷收集效率，即使在非常高的剂量。事实上，使用 p 型传感器但仅进行平面处理，看起来可以用不那么奇特的技术构建探测器，甚至可以在距离主碰撞点约 4 厘米的地方工作。建议将该技术转化为这些低半径所需的像素设计，并使用 ATLAS 的像素读出电子器件来证明在预期剂量下的存活率。利物浦集团是此类微带辐射测试的世界专家，并希望利用他们的发现来展示在升级光度（超级）大型强子对撞机上运行的 ATLAS 和 CMS 像素探测器的替代技术。如果成功，它将允许世界领先的公司开发更简单的技术，为粒子物理学提供硅探测器，这对可靠性和成本都有影响。它还允许像素探测器阵列采用统一的技术构建，而不是在最内层采用特殊和不同的技术。这应该有助于产生更便宜的解决方案，并允许更多公司（包括英国公司）参与超级大型强子对撞机像素探测器硅传感器的生产竞争。