Optimized Cone-Beam CT for Image-Guided Radiation Therapy

用于图像引导放射治疗的优化锥束 CT

• 批准号: 8078958
• 负责人: XIAOCHUAN PAN
• 金额: $ 36.23万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-07-27 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8078958
• 关键词: Aftercare; Algorithms; Beds; Complex; Data; Diagnostic Imaging; Dose; Goals; Image; Imaging Device; Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy; Lighting; Linear Accelerator Radiotherapy Systems; Malignant Neoplasms; Methods; Morphologic artifacts; Normal tissue morphology; Organ; Patients; Positioning Attribute; Process; Radiation; Radiation therapy; Relative (related person); Research; Retinal Cone; Roentgen Rays; Scanning; Speed; System; Testing; Work; X-Ray Computed Tomography; cone-beam computed tomography; design; image reconstruction; innovation; insight; interest; simulation; treatment planning

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In radiation therapy (RT), it is essential to deliver a prescribed high radiation dose to a target volume containing malignancy while sparing surrounding normal tissues. This is accomplished by extensive use of imaging throughout the RT process. Computed tomography (CT) is the dominant imaging tool in image- guided radiation therapy (IGRT). Simulator units with cone-beam CT (CBCT) imaging capabilities have become available as part of RT planning systems. Recently, a KV X-ray imager, referred to as the on-board imager, capable of CBCT imaging has also been developed on the linear accelerator (LINAC) treatment system. The on-board imager offers a unique opportunity to yield accurate image representation of the patient before, during, and after treatment sessions. There are two broad classes of RT tasks to which these systems are suited, and each task class has its own set of requirements on image quality, acquisition speed, and patient dose minimization. The first class includes tasks such as those involving CBCT for treatment planning, where the objective is to obtain diagnostic image quality and to identify unknown object in a complex scene. The second class includes tasks such as those using CBCT for localization, where the objective is to recognize differences in position relative to the planning scan and to identify pose of known objects. The goal of the project is to, using the on-board imager as the test-bed platform, capitalize fully on the hardware capabilities and on recent algorithm advances through developing innovative scanning configurations and algorithms to yield accurate and dose-efficient volumetric images in IGRT. The specific aims of the project are: (1) To develop innovative scanning configurations for radiotherapy CBCT imaging; (2) To develop image-reconstruction algorithms for radiotherapy CBCT imaging; (3) To compensate for the physical factors in radiotherapy CBCT imaging; and (4) To evaluate the scanning configurations and algorithms for radiotherapy CBCT imaging. We have recently made significant breakthroughs in CBCT algorithms. Algorithms can be designed for accurate image reconstruction within regions-of-interest (ROI) from CBCT data acquired with X-ray illumination that partially covers the patient and with general scanning configurations. Our strategy for targeted ROI imaging resembles that of the intensity-modulated radiation therapy. It can reduce patient dose and scatter and avoid repeated illumination of critical organs. We believe that our expertise and insights developed and accumulated in our studies in both imaging and radiation therapy have placed us in a unique and strong position to perform and accomplish the proposed research on optimization of CBCT imaging in IGRT successfully and in a timely manner.

描述（由申请人提供）：在放射疗法（RT）中，必须将规定的高辐射剂量输送到含有恶性肿瘤的目标体积的同时，同时保留正常组织。这是通过在整个RT过程中广泛使用成像来实现的。计算机断层扫描（CT）是图像引导放射疗法（IGRT）中的主要成像工具。具有锥形束CT（CBCT）成像功能的模拟器单元已成为RT计划系统的一部分。最近，在线性加速器（LINAC）处理系统上也开发了一种称为CBCT成像的机板成像仪的KV X射线成像仪。板载成像仪提供了一个独特的机会，可以在治疗之前，期间和之后对患者产生准确的图像表示。这些系统适合这些系统有两种类别的RT任务，每个任务类别都有其图像质量，获取速度和患者剂量最小化的一套要求。头等舱包括涉及CBCT进行治疗计划的任务，目的是获得诊断图像质量并在复杂场景中识别未知对象。第二类包括任务，例如使用CBCT进行本地化的任务，其目的是识别相对于计划扫描的位置差异并确定已知对象的姿势。该项目的目的是使用板载成像仪作为测试床平台，通过开发创新的扫描配置和算法来充分利用硬件功能以及最近的算法进步，以产生IGRT中准确和剂量的高效体积图像。该项目的具体目的是：（1）开发用于放射疗法CBCT成像的创新扫描配置； （2）开发用于放射疗法CBCT成像的图像重建算法； （3）补偿放疗CBCT成像中的物理因素； （4）评估放射疗法CBCT成像的扫描构型和算法。我们最近在CBCT算法中取得了重大突破。可以设计算法，以从带有X射线照明的CBCT数据中的区域（ROI）内进行准确的图像重建，该图像部分覆盖了患者并具有一般的扫描配置。我们针对的ROI成像的策略类似于强度调节的放射治疗。它可以减少患者剂量和分散，并避免重复对临界器官的照明。我们认为，我们在成像和放射疗法方面发展和积累的专业知识和见解使我们处于独特而强大的立场，以成功地及时地和及时地进行IGRT中CBCT成像的优化研究。