ANISOTROPY IN MYOCARDIAL ULTRASOUND

心肌超声的各向异性

• 批准号: 8118842
• 负责人: JAMES Gegan MILLER
• 金额: $ 34.2万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-04-01 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8118842
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Anisotropy; Architecture; Area; Cardiac; Characteristics; Clinical; Clinical Research; Contrast echocardiography procedure; Dependence; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Echocardiography; Enrollment; Fiber; Foundations; Funding; Generations; Goals; Grant; Heart; Heart Diseases; Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy; Image; Investigation; Laboratories; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Myocardial; Myocardial tissue; Myocardium; Nature; Non-Invasive Cancer Detection; Pathology; Patients; Phase; Property; Publishing; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Design; Role; Severities; Specimen; Structure; System; Time; Tissues; Ultrasonics; Ultrasonography; Variant; abstracting; attenuation; base; clinical application; design; experience; imaging modality; improved; insight; method development; model development; mouse model; skills; sound; tool; Address; Affect; Anisotropy; Architecture; Area; Cardiac; Characteristics; Clinical; Clinical Research; Contrast echocardiography procedure; Dependence; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Echocardiography; Enrollment; Fiber; Foundations; Funding; Generations; Goals; Grant; Heart; Heart Diseases; Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy; Image; Investigation; Laboratories; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Myocardial; Myocardial tissue; Myocardium; Nature; Non-Invasive Cancer Detection; Pathology; Patients; Phase; Property; Publishing; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Design; Role; Severities; Specimen; Structure; System; Time; Tissues; Ultrasonics; Ultrasonography; Variant; abstracting; attenuation; base; clinical application; design; experience; imaging modality; improved; insight; method development; model development; mouse model; skills; sound; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary/Abstract The long-term objective of this research is to enhance the capabilities of echocardiography as a primary imaging modality for the definitive quantification of cardiac properties and assessment of function needed for optimal diagnoses. Clinical applications of cardiac diagnostic ultrasound require imaging with the sound propagating at varying angles relative to the predominant myocardial fiber orientation. Consequently, variation of ultrasonic properties with the direction of propagation in tissue, i.e., anisotropy, is a significant factor in clinical echocardiography. Promising areas of application of cardiac ultrasound such as myocardial strain and strain-rate imaging, contrast echocardiography, and myocardial tissue characterization are all subject to effects arising from the anisotropic properties of myocardium. Underlying all of the studies associated with this research is the assertion that a better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms underlying the observed anisotropic ultrasonic properties of myocardium, and the consequences of altered anisotropic properties of diseased hearts, will facilitate and enhance the role of ultrasound in the non-invasive detection and quantification of the extent and severity of specific pathologies in the clinical arena. Hence, the specific goals of this research are to identify the mechanisms contributing to the observed anisotropy of the intrinsic ultrasonic properties of myocardium and to develop approaches for exploiting the effects of anisotropy in echocardiographic-based assessments of the hearts of patients. In order to focus the research effort, a special emphasis has been placed on studies designed to investigate the effects of altered myocardial architecture (i.e., altered anisotropy) associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy on echocardiographic imaging and tissue characterization. To achieve these goals, the following Specific Aims have been identified to provide a basis for improving the diagnostic power of ultrasonics: 1) Identify mechanisms contributing to the observed anisotropy in ultrasonic backscatter, attenuation, and velocity of myocardium; and 2) Develop strategies for exploiting opportunities and overcoming potential stumbling blocks arising from anisotropy in echocardiographic imaging and myocardial assessment in normal and diseased hearts. Studies designed to address these Specific Aims include: measurements of excised myocardial specimens to provide the intrinsic ultrasonic scattering and attenuation properties over a broad bandwidths; measurements and the development of models associated with the identification of effective scatterer characteristics and viscoelastic properties responsible for the observed anisotropy of properties; investigations of the effects of myocardial anisotropy on harmonic imaging; development of a polar backscatter method of measuring the transmural myofiber orientation; and measurements investigating how the degree of altered myocardial structure and properties due to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy affect the ultrasonic backscatter and attenuation properties and the development of methods for assessing these altered properties in patients.Project Narrative Relevance: Results of this research will enhance the capabilities of ultrasonic imaging of the heart as an effective tool in aiding diagnoses of heart disease. Because the microstructural properties of the heart can significantly influence the ultrasonic properties and, therefore, ultrasonic images, a better understanding of the nature of these properties will provide new insights into the use of ultrasound to characterize features of diseased hearts.

描述（由申请人提供）：项目摘要/摘要这项研究的长期目标是增强超声心动图的能力，作为对心脏特性的确定量化和评估最佳诊断功能的主要成像方式。心脏诊断超声的临床应用需要成像，声音相对于主要的心肌纤维取向以不同角度传播。因此，超声特性与组织中传播方向的变化，即各向异性，是临床超声心动图的重要因素。心肌菌株和应变率成像，对比度超声造影和心肌组织表征的有前途的应用领域都受到心肌各向异性特性产生的影响。与这项研究相关的所有研究的基本研究是，断言，对观察到的心肌的各向异性超声特性的基本机制有更好的理解，以及患病心脏的各向异性特性的后果将促进和量化范围的范围范围和量化范围的范围和量化范围的范围和量化量度的范围和量化程度的范围和量度严重的范围，并增强了范围和量化范围的量化和量化范围的范围。因此，这项研究的具体目标是确定促进心肌内固有超声特性各向异性的机制，并开发出利用各向异性对基于超声心动图的患者心脏评估的方法。为了集中研究工作，已经特别重点放在旨在研究与肥大性心肌病对超声心动图成像和组织表征相关的改变心肌结构（即改变各向异性）的影响的研究。为了实现这些目标，已经确定了以下特定目标，以提供改善超声波诊断能力的基础：1）确定在超声反向散射，衰减和心肌速度中观察到的各向异性的机制； 2）制定利用机会的策略，并克服正常和患病心脏中超声心动图像和心肌评估中各向异性产生的潜在绊脚石。旨在解决这些特定目的的研究包括：切除的心肌标本的测量，以在宽带宽度上提供内在的超声散射和衰减特性；测量和与鉴定有效散射特性和粘弹性特性相关的模型的开发；研究心肌各向异性对谐波成像的影响；开发一种极性反向散射方法，用于测量透壁肌纤维方向；和测量研究如何改变心肌的心肌结构和特性的程度如何影响超声波反向散射和衰减特性，以及评估患者中这些变化特性的方法的发展。项目的叙述性相关性：这项研究的结果将增强心脏对心脏诊断的心脏诊断的超声症状的能力。由于心脏的微观结构特性可以显着影响超声特性，因此可以更好地理解这些特性的性质，将为使用超声来表征患病心脏特征的新见解。