Matrix-Addressable X-ray Source for Medical Imaging: Prototyping Studies

用于医学成像的矩阵可寻址 X 射线源：原型研究

• 批准号: 7851338
• 负责人: PAUL R SCHWOEBEL
• 金额: $ 26.43万
• 依托单位: SRI INTERNATIONAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-06-01 至 2013-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7851338
• 关键词: Animals; Area; Blood Vessels; Breast; Cathodes; Characteristics; Clinics and Hospitals; Computers; Data; Development; Devices; Diagnostic; Elements; Evaluation; Health Services Research; Human; Image; Imaging technology; Individual; International; Investigation; Laboratories; Lead; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Medical; Medical Imaging; Medicine; Motion Pictures; Movement; Performance; Production; Research; Research Personnel; Roentgen Rays; Scanning; Screening for cancer; Source; Speed; Spottings; System; Technology; Time; Tube; Work; X-Ray Computed Tomography; base; cost; design; detector; digital; flexibility; improved; novel; public health relevance; rural area; technology/technique; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Since the introduction of computed tomography (CT) in the early 1970s, x-ray based tomographic imaging has become a fundamental tool employed in nearly all areas of medicine, including cancer screening and research. SRI International is developing a new stationary x-ray source with the potential to revolutionize tomographic imaging technology. The possibility for increased imaging speed and the implementation of novel acquisition geometries imparted by such a source could lead to the development of compact, affordable CT and digital tomosynthesis systems for use in hospitals, clinics, rural areas, and laboratories, and thereby benefit both the medical care and research fields. We have investigated the physical principles underlying a new stationary x-ray source approach based on microfabricated cold cathode technology. Our studies have demonstrated the potential of the stationary source to provide the flux and fluence required by many medical imaging applications. These earlier studies focused on investigating the x-ray production characteristics (x-ray flux, fluence, and focal spot size) of the individual x- ray source elements that would be grouped to form the stationary source. Here we propose to demonstrate the utility of the stationary source for medical imaging, in terms of x-ray emission characteristics and reliability, with a fully functional stationary source. The stationary source will be applied to digital tomosynthesis imaging of small animals, as this is a reasonably straightforward implementation of tomographic imaging for our prototyping studies. Although directed toward small animal imaging, the results of the stationary source studies will be applicable to other DT systems, such as those under investigation for human breast imaging. The specific aims of this R21 proposal are to: 1) construct a stationary x-ray source and source evaluation testbed and 2) use this testbed to evaluate performance of the stationary x-ray source. The successful completion of the proposed study will expedite development of this new stationary x-ray source approach and could result in an arguably revolutionary improvement in x-ray source technology for tomographic medical imaging systems. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: We propose to significantly improve medical imaging technology by developing an x-ray imaging system that will allow cancer researchers to take three-dimensional x-ray motion pictures. The potential for increased imaging speed, reduced system cost, and the implementation of novel acquisition geometries imparted by such a device could lead to the development of compact, affordable CT and digital tomosynthesis systems for use in hospitals, clinics, rural areas, and laboratories, and thereby benefit both the medical care and research fields.

描述（由申请人提供）：自1970年代初期引入计算机断层扫描（CT）以来，基于X射线的层析成像成像已成为几乎所有医学领域（包括癌症筛查和研究）采用的基本工具。 SRI International正在开发一种新的固定X射线源，具有彻底改变层析成像技术的潜力。提高成像速度的可能性以及通过这种来源赋予的新型采集几何形状的实施可能会导致紧凑，负担得起的CT和数字质膜合成系统的发展，用于用于医院，诊所，农村地区和实验室，从而使医疗保健和研究领域受益。我们已经研究了基于微型冷极技术技术的新固定X射线源方法的基础物理原理。我们的研究表明，固定来源提供了许多医学成像应用所需的通量和通知的潜力。这些早期研究的重点是研究单个X射线源元素的X射线生产特性（X射线通量，通量和焦点大小），这些元素将分组以形成固定源。在这里，我们建议通过X射线排放特性和可靠性来证明固定源的医学成像源的实用性，并具有功能齐全的固定源。固定源将应用于小动物的数字性层状成像，因为这是我们原型研究的层析成像的合理直接实现。尽管针对小动物成像，但固定源研究的结果将适用于其他DT系统，例如正在研究的人类乳房成像。该R21提案的具体目的是：1）构建固定的X射线源和源评估测试台，2）使用此测试床来评估固定X射线源的性能。拟议的研究的成功完成将加快这种新的固定X射线源方法的发展，并可能导致层析成像医学成像系统的X射线源技术的革命性改进。公共卫生相关性：我们建议通过开发X射线成像系统来显着改善医学成像技术，该系统将使癌症研究人员能够拍摄三维X射线电影。增加成像速度，降低的系统成本以及通过这种设备赋予的新型采集几何形状的实施的潜力可能会导致紧凑，负担得起的CT和数字合成系统的发展，用于医院，诊所，农村地区和实验室，从而使医疗保健和研究领域受益。