Spatial neglect and bias in near and far space

近空间和远空间的空间忽视和偏见

• 批准号: 7076257
• 负责人: A. M. Barrett
• 金额: $ 16.87万
• 依托单位: KESSLER FOUNDATION, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-05-01 至 2009-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7076257
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); adult human (21+); amantadine; attention; behavioral /social science research tag; bias; brain injury; clinical research; cognition disorders; eye surgery; frail elderly; functional ability; human subject; human therapy evaluation; medical rehabilitation related tag; patient oriented research; person with disability; scotoma; sensorimotor system; space perception; stroke; videotape /videodisc; visual fields; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal examines spatial bias and distraction in near and far extrapersonal space. The Candidate previously observed far asymmetric attention in a patient with driving problems post-stroke. Far bias has both pragmatic and theoretical implications: it might induce impaired drivers to veer, causing accidents. Asymmetric visual-motor behavior in brain-injured subjects may be due to biased perceptual-attentional (PA) systems, biased motor-intentional (MI) systems, combined bias, or other factors. In five experiments, the Candidate will assess the proportion of error accounted for by PA and MI bias as subjects perform a video procedure in near and far space. In Experiments 1 & 2, she will manipulate performance-monitoring conditions to estimate PA/MI components of attentional bias and distractibility in near versus far space in post-stroke spatial neglect. Since months post-stroke, patients who have recovered on conventional visual-spatial tasks may still be still functionally disabled, in Experiment 3 the Candidate will examine whether separating PA and MI bias allows detection of persistent pathological errors. The Candidate will assess patients acutely post-stroke, and then repeatedly over a subsequent six months, examining evolution of near/far PA and MI bias. In Experiment 4, the Candidate will examine how monocular patching, amantadine, and combined treatment influence near/far spatial bias and distractibility. In Experiment 5, post-stroke subjects with presumed non-pathologic bias (compensated hemianopia) are compared with subjects with pathologic bias (contralateral/ipsilateral neglect) on the previous experiments. Considerable clinical and scientific training prepared the Candidate to begin this independent phase of her career. The Independent Clinical Investigator Award (K02) will provide essential time and resources as she continues her academic development. The present studies may clarify the neuropsychological mechanisms of orienting and visual-motor bias in near and far space after brain injury, contributing to the literature on brain attentional systems. However, this work may also advance understanding of safe and adaptive movement in complex environments by neurologically-impaired persons, improving their driving and functional independence.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案研究了近处和远处的个人外空间中的空间偏差和干扰。该候选人之前观察到一位中风后有驾驶问题的患者的注意力非常不对称。远偏差具有实用和理论意义：它可能会导致受损驾驶员转向，从而引发事故。脑损伤受试者的不对称视觉运动行为可能是由于感知注意（PA）系统、运动意向（MI）系统、组合偏见或其他因素的偏差造成的。在五个实验中，当受试者在近空间和远空间执行视频程序时，考生将评估 PA 和 MI 偏差所造成的误差比例。在实验 1 和 2 中，她将操纵表现监测条件来估计中风后空间忽视中近处与远处空间的注意力偏差和注意力分散的 PA/MI 组成部分。自中风后数月起，通过传统视觉空间任务恢复的患者可能仍然存在功能障碍，在实验 3 中，候选人将检查分离 PA 和 MI 偏差是否可以检测持续的病理错误。候选人将在中风后对患者进行急性评估，然后在随后的六个月内重复评估，检查近/远 PA 和 MI 偏差的演变。在实验 4 中，考生将检查单眼遮盖、金刚烷胺和联合治疗如何影响近/远空间偏差和注意力分散。在实验 5 中，将具有假定非病理性偏倚（代偿性偏盲）的中风后受试者与先前实验中具有病理性偏倚（对侧/同侧忽视）的受试者进行比较。大量的临床和科学培训为候选人开始其职业生涯的独立阶段做好了准备。独立临床研究者奖（K02）将为她继续学术发展提供必要的时间和资源。目前的研究可能会阐明脑损伤后近空间和远空间定向和视觉运动偏差的神经心理学机制，为大脑注意力系统的文献做出贡献。然而，这项工作还可以增进神经障碍人士对复杂环境中安全和适应性运动的理解，提高他们的驾驶和功能独立性。