Digital 2-D Neutron Detector for Protein Function Studies

用于蛋白质功能研究的数字二维中子探测器

基本信息

批准号：
7219722
负责人：
BIPIN SINGH
金额：
$ 42.4万
依托单位：
RADIATION MONITORING DEVICES, INC.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2005-02-01 至 2009-01-14
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7219722
关键词：
Ablation Address Aluminum Area Arts Basic Science Bioenergetics Biological Biological Process Biology Calibration Catalysis Cell Nucleus Ceramics Chemicals Collaborations Communities Count Coupled Crystallography Data Data Analyses Data Quality Deposition Detection Deuterium Development Diagnostic radiologic examination Digital Radiography Digital Ray Disease Disease Progression Drug Design Electrons Engineering Ensure Enzymatic Biochemistry Equipment Evaluation Film Funding Gamma Rays Glycine Goals Government Growth High temperature of physical object Human Resources Hydrogen Image Industry Investigation Kansas Laboratories Lasers Lateral Lifting Ligands Light Location Logistics Manufacturer Name Marketing Massachusetts Measurement Metals Methods Modification Molecular Molecular Structure Monitor Morphology Myoglobin Nature Neutron Diffraction Neutrons Noise Numbers Object Attachment Operative Surgical Procedures Optics Outcome Output Performance Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Phase Phase I Clinical Trials Photons Play Polymers Positioning Attribute Property Protein Dynamics Proteins Protocols documentation Publishing Purpose Radiation Monitoring Range Rate Reaction Time Reporting Research Research Personnel Resolution Resources Role Scanning Science Scientist Signal Transduction Silicon Solid Source Staging Structure Surface Surveys System Techniques Technology Testing Thick Time Today Universities Viral Visible Radiation Water Work X-Ray Crystallography base charge coupled device camera commercialization cost design detector digital digital imaging electron cloud experience functional genomics gadolinium oxide image processing imaging detector improved insight instrument instrumentation interest monitoring device neutron radiation novel programs protein function protein structure protein structure function prototype research study response sensor structural biology systems research tool two-dimensional vapor

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Information on the structure and function of proteins is important for unveiling biological processes taking place on a molecular level. X-ray crystallography has been successful in determining protein structure, however, it is not well suited for analyzing hydrogen atoms and water molecules. It has been shown that the thermal neutrons are a far better tool for probing interactions between proteins and water, because they interact directly with light nuclei, not their electron clouds as in case of x-ray diffraction. However, the use of thermal neutrons has been underutilized, partially due to the lack of adequate detectors. Current two-dimensional detectors for neutrons do not provide adequate area coverage, spatial resolution, sensitivity, and geometry best suited for the given application. To address these issues, we propose to develop a large area digital imaging detector for thermal neutrons, which offers a better combination of surface coverage, spatial resolution, detection efficiency and dynamic range than is currently possible. The detector is based on a novel, large-area scintillator, tailored for imaging thermal neutrons, coupled to a digital readout. This thermal neutron imaging system will advance the state-of-the-art of detectors used in macromolecular crystallography and neutron radiography. High resolution neutron imaging will provide better insights into biological systems, and polymers and other ordered structures. For example, it will provide better understanding of disease progression, improved insights into viral structures through neutron diffraction studies. The proposed detector could be employed at any neutron source facility and would help to advance basic research in protein mechanisms as well as drug design. Non-biomedical applications could be found in non-destructive testing and secuity scanning at entry ports and strategic facilities. The goal of this Phase II project is to develop at high spatial resolution scintillator for neutron macromolecular crystallography, which compliments x-ray crystallography in its ability to precisely locate hydrogen atoms in protein molecules. The information on hydrogen location is important for monitoring protein dynamics and helps to understand nature of disease. The proposed detector could be employed at any neutron source facility and would help to advance research of protein mechanisms as well as drug design.

描述（由申请人提供）：有关蛋白质结构和功能的信息对于揭示分子水平上发生的生物过程非常重要。 X 射线晶体学已成功确定蛋白质结构，但它不太适合分析氢原子和水分子。事实证明，热中子是探测蛋白质和水之间相互作用的更好工具，因为它们直接与轻核相互作用，而不是像 X 射线衍射那样与轻核相互作用。然而，热中子的使用尚未得到充分利用，部分原因是缺乏足够的探测器。当前的二维中子探测器不能提供最适合给定应用的足够的面积覆盖范围、空间分辨率、灵敏度和几何形状。为了解决这些问题，我们建议开发一种用于热中子的大面积数字成像探测器，它提供了比目前更好的表面覆盖、空间分辨率、探测效率和动态范围的组合。该探测器基于一种新颖的大面积闪烁体，专为热中子成像而设计，并与数字读数相结合。该热中子成像系统将推动高分子晶体学和中子射线照相中使用的最先进探测器的发展。高分辨率中子成像将为生物系统、聚合物和其他有序结构提供更好的见解。例如，它将更好地了解疾病进展，通过中子衍射研究更好地了解病毒结构。拟议的探测器可用于任何中子源设施，并将有助于推进蛋白质机制和药物设计的基础研究。非生物医学应用可以在入境口岸和战略设施的无损检测和安全扫描中找到。该二期项目的目标是开发用于中子大分子晶体学的高空间分辨率闪烁体，它补充了 X 射线晶体学精确定位蛋白质分子中氢原子的能力。有关氢位置的信息对于监测蛋白质动力学非常重要，并有助于了解疾病的性质。拟议的探测器可用于任何中子源设施，并将有助于推进蛋白质机制和药物设计的研究。