Social contextual and environmental predictors of PA in sedentary minority adults

久坐的少数成年人 PA 的社会背景和环境预测因素

• 批准号: 7899850
• 负责人: LORNA H. MCNEILL
• 金额: $ 60.98万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TX MD ANDERSON CAN CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-22 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7899850
• 关键词: Address; Adoption; Adult; Blood Pressure; Body fat; Body mass index; Cancer Prevention Intervention; Characteristics; Cognitive; Cohort Studies; Communities; Diabetes Mellitus; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Geographic Information Systems; Health Benefit; Height; Individual; Individual Differences; Internet; Intervention; Knowledge; Latino; Life; Life Style; Maintenance; Malignant Neoplasms; Maps; Measurement; Mediating; Methods; Minority; Minority Groups; Neighborhoods; Newsletter; Obesity; Participant; Physical activity; Population; Process; Psychosocial Factor; Recommendation; Reporting; Resources; Risk; Science; Self Efficacy; Social support; Staging; Stress; Stroke; Surveys; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; Weight; base; cardiovascular disorder risk; contextual factors; fitness; health disparity; meetings; psychosocial; public health relevance; racial and ethnic disparities; sedentary; social; socioeconomics; stressor; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The health benefits of PA are widely accepted, aiding in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, stroke, obesity, and some cancers. One-fourth of adults are inactive with higher rates of inactivity among racial and ethnic minorities. Individuals who live in non-supportive environments are less likely to engage in PA. This may be particularly important for understanding PA in racial and ethnic minorities, who (a) are less likely than whites to meet PA recommendations and (b) disproportionately live in communities lacking PA resources. Thus, a greater understanding of environmental factors in the natural environment (e.g., community-based settings) and how they influence PA psychosocial processes (e.g., stress) and stages (e.g., adoption and maintenance) among racial and ethnic minorities are needed to reduce disparities in PA. Therefore, the primary aim of this study is to use survey, qualitative, and state-of-the-science ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methods to longitudinally examine the influence of selected psychosocial, social contextual, and objective and perceived physical environmental factors on self-initiated lifestyle moderate-intensity PA in 300 black and Latino sedentary adults over a 1 year period. Overall, participants will be tracked from 1 week before they start self-initiated lifestyle moderate-intensity PA through 52 weeks after the start date. They will be tracked for 3 continuous weeks using EMA and after that time, participants will be assessed via EMA and accelerometer for 1-week intervals at weeks 8, 26, 39, and 52. In addition, participants will undergo objective measurements of fitness, body fat, blood pressure, and body mass index, and will receive previously-tested intervention tools (e.g., pedometers, PA prescription plan, and newsletters). Participants' address and select socioeconomic and physical environmental characteristics (e.g., parks) of each participant's neighborhood will also be mapped using geographic information systems (GIS) in order to further contextualize their PA opportunities and resources. The primary specific aims are to: 1) examine the influence of social contextual, and perceived and objective environmental factors on the adoption and maintenance of self-initiated lifestyle moderate-intensity PA among sedentary minority adults; 2) examine whether psychosocial, social contextual, and perceived and objective environmental factors change during the course of self-initiating lifestyle moderate-intensity PA; and 3) examine the extent to which selected psychosocial factors mediate or moderate the relationships between individual differences in social contextual and environmental factors and PA. There have been few studies examining the mechanism underlying PA adoption and maintenance in minority populations. The proposed study will make a unique contribution, addressing key recommendations from major reports on reducing health disparities. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The purpose of this study is to elucidate the social and physical determinants of PA in blacks and Latinos in order to ultimately reduce PA disparities by developing cancer prevention interventions that address their resources (both social and environmental), life priorities, and chief concerns, and to enhance our knowledge of how and when people move from initiating to maintaining a change in PA.

描述（由申请人提供）：PA 的健康益处已被广泛接受，有助于降低心血管疾病、糖尿病、中风、肥胖和某些癌症的风险。四分之一的成年人不运动，少数种族和族裔的不运动率更高。生活在非支持性环境中的个人参与 PA 的可能性较小。这对于了解少数族裔和族裔的 PA 可能特别重要，因为他们 (a) 比白人更不可能满足 PA 建议，并且 (b) 不成比例地生活在缺乏 PA 资源的社区。因此，需要更好地了解自然环境中的环境因素（例如，基于社区的环境）以及它们如何影响少数族裔和少数民族的 PA 心理社会过程（例如，压力）和阶段（例如，收养和维持），以减少PA 的差异。因此，本研究的主要目的是使用调查、定性和最新的生态瞬时评估（EMA）方法来纵向研究选定的社会心理、社会背景以及客观和感知的物理环境因素对在一年内对 300 名久坐的黑人和拉丁裔成年人进行自我启动的中等强度 PA 生活方式。总体而言，将从参与者开始自主生活方式中等强度 PA 之前 1 周到开始日期后 52 周进行跟踪。他们将使用 EMA 进行连续 3 周的跟踪，之后，将在第 8、26、39 和 52 周通过 EMA 和加速度计对参与者进行为期 1 周的评估。此外，参与者还将接受健康状况的客观测量，身体脂肪、血压和体重指数，并将收到先前测试过的干预工具（例如计步器、PA 处方计划和新闻通讯）。参与者的地址和选择的每个参与者所在社区的社会经济和自然环境特征（例如公园）也将使用地理信息系统（GIS）进行映射，以便进一步将他们的 PA 机会和资源结合起来。主要具体目标是：1）研究社会背景、感知和客观环境因素对久坐的少数成年人采用和维持自发的中等强度体能活动生活方式的影响； 2) 检查社会心理、社会背景以及感知和客观环境因素在自我启动生活方式中等强度 PA 过程中是否发生变化； 3) 检查选定的心理社会因素在多大程度上介导或调节社会背景和环境因素的个体差异与 PA 之间的关系。很少有研究探讨少数民族人群采用和维持 PA 的机制。拟议的研究将做出独特的贡献，解决主要报告中关于减少健康差距的关键建议。公共卫生相关性：本研究的目的是阐明黑人和拉丁裔 PA 的社会和身体决定因素，以便通过制定癌症预防干预措施来解决他们的资源（社会和环境）、生活优先事项和健康问题，最终减少 PA 差异。主要关注点，并增强我们对人们如何以及何时从发起 PA 变革转向维持 PA 变革的了解。