Magnetic Source Imaging and Sensory Behavioral Characterization in Autism

自闭症的磁源成像和感觉行为特征

• 批准号: 7885462
• 负责人: Elysa Jill Marco
• 金额: $ 17.62万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-15 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7885462
• 关键词: 11 year old; Address; Affect; Algorithms; Architecture; Auditory; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Biometry; Brain; California; Case-Control Studies; Characteristics; Child; Clinical; Cognitive; Communities; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Economics; Emotional; Epilepsy; Etiology; Evaluation; Fingers; Foundations; Frequencies; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Genetic; Goals; Image; Imaging Techniques; Individual; Knowledge; Language; Learning; Life; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetism; Maps; Measures; Mental Retardation; Neurologist; Neurology; Neurons; Neuropsychology; Neurosciences; Perception; Performance; Phenotype; Population; Principal Investigator; Process; Psychiatry; Radiology Specialty; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Rest; Sampling; San Francisco; Sensory; Sensory Process; Sensory Thresholds; Somatosensory Cortex; Source; Stimulus; Structure; Tactile; Techniques; Testing; Therapy Clinical Trials; Time; Training; Universities; Work; association cortex; autism spectrum disorder; autistic children; blood oxygen level dependent; boys; case control; central coherence; clinical Diagnosis; cognitive neuroscience; disability; insight; instrument; magnetoencephalogram; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; neuropathology; novel; patient oriented; programs; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; sensory cortex; social; social communication; theories; treatment planning; treatment trial

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dr. Elysa Marco is a cognitive-behavioral child neurologist with expertise in the genetics of mental retardation and autism. She is supported by the academic excellence of the University of California, San Francisco's Neurology, Psychiatry, Radiology, and Neuroscience departments. Her long term research objectives are to use magetic source imaging (MSI) to: (1) probe the etiology of autism, (2) facilitate early accurate diagnosis, and (3) create an objective measure of cognitive processing for use in treatment trials. The goal of this study is to ascertain whether individuals with autism show local cortical hyper-excitation that directly correlates with behaviorally observed sensory over-reactivity. The rationale is that individuals with autism have high rates of sensory processing difficulties and previous studies have documented abnormalities in cortical structure and connectivity. The specific aims are to (1) use traditional and advanced MSI techniques to assess early tactile and auditory processing in the primary sensory cortex; and (2) correlate these findings with detailed measures of tactile and auditory sensitivity. MSI spatial adaptive filtering algorithms allows for precise assessment of brain activity in time, space, and in oscillatory frequency. This technique represents a novel and promising extension of previous work in the field. This cross-sectional case-control study will assess sensory processing in boys (9-11 years) with autism and a performance IQ >70 relative to matched healthy controls. Diagnostic evaluation, cognitive testing, objective sensory assessment, MEG, and MRI will be conducted on 20 children with autism and 20 healthy controls. In addition, to contributing to the understanding of sensory processing in autism, this project will support Dr. Marco's training in neuroimaging, neuropsychology, cognitive neuroscience, and biostatistic so that she can become in independent patient oriented researcher. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) permeate the social, emotional, and economic life of the affected individual and their community. ASD is now estimated to affect 1 in 150 individuals and it's underlying neural mechanism remain unclear. This project aims to use the advanced technique of magnetic source imaging to reliably measure the temporal, spatial, and frequency characteristics of neual activity in children with autism during sensory perception. This project will contribute to the understanding of autism and to the development of diagnostic and treatment studies for the future.

描述（由申请人提供）：Elysa Marco 博士是一位认知行为儿童神经学家，在智力低下和自闭症遗传学方面拥有专业知识。她得到了加州大学旧金山分校神经病学、精神病学、放射学和神经科学系卓越学术的支持。她的长期研究目标是使用磁源成像 (MSI) 来：(1) 探究自闭症的病因，(2) 促进早期准确诊断，以及 (3) 创建用于治疗试验的认知处理的客观测量。这项研究的目的是确定自闭症患者是否表现出局部皮质过度兴奋，这与行为观察到的感觉过度反应直接相关。其基本原理是，自闭症患者的感觉处理困难率很高，并且之前的研究已经记录了皮质结构和连接的异常。具体目标是（1）使用传统和先进的 MSI 技术来评估初级感觉皮层的早期触觉和听觉处理； (2) 将这些发现与触觉和听觉敏感性的详细测量相关联。 MSI 空间自适应滤波算法可以精确评估大脑在时间、空间和振荡频率方面的活动。这项技术代表了该领域先前工作的新颖且有前途的扩展。这项横断面病例对照研究将评估自闭症男孩（9-11 岁）的感觉处理，并且相对于匹配的健康对照组，其表现智商 >70。将对 20 名自闭症儿童和 20 名健康对照者进行诊断评估、认知测试、客观感觉评估、MEG 和 MRI。此外，为了促进对自闭症感觉处理的理解，该项目将支持 Marco 博士在神经影像学、神经心理学、认知神经科学和生物统计学方面的培训，以便她能够成为以患者为导向的独立研究员。公共卫生相关性：自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 渗透到受影响个人及其社区的社会、情感和经济生活中。目前估计每 150 人中就有 1 人患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD)，但其潜在的神经机制仍不清楚。该项目旨在利用先进的磁源成像技术来可靠地测量自闭症儿童在感官知觉过程中神经活动的时间、空间和频率特征。该项目将有助于了解自闭症以及未来诊断和治疗研究的发展。