Effects on children of persistent exposure to extreme political violence

持续接触极端政治暴力对儿童的影响

基本信息

批准号：
7911632
负责人：
L ROWELL HUESMANN
金额：
$ 38.18万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2006-09-15 至 2012-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7911632
关键词：
14 year old 17 year old Accounting Address Adolescence Adolescent Adult Affect Affective Age Aggressive behavior Anger Anxiety Arabs Area Arousal Attention Attitude Behavior Behavioral Belief Biosocial Buffers Characteristics Child Child Development Child Mental Health Childhood Cognition Cognitive Communities Competence Complex Conflict (Psychology)Crime Demographic Factors Development Discipline Domestic Violence Economics Emotional Emotions Environment Ethnic Origin Ethnic group Event Exhibits Exposure to Face Family Family Violence Feeling Female Future Gender Goals Growth Home environment Human Development Immigrant Individual Individual Differences Intervention Interview Investigation Israel Jews Lead Learning Life Link Maintenance Measures Mediating Mental Depression Mental Health Methods Monitor Nature Outcome Palestinian Parent-Child Relations Parenting behavior Parents Pathway interactions Pattern Personality Planet Mars Population Predisposition Problem behavior Process Psychological Factors Psychopathology Public Health Reaction Refugees Regulation Religion and Spirituality Research Risk Risk Factors Role Sampling Self-control as a personality trait Series Shapes Social Behavior Social support Societies Stress Structure Symptoms System Terrorism Testing Time Treatment/Psychosocial Effects United States Variant Violence West Bank Youth anti social base cohort contextual factors critical developmental period desensitization design emotion regulation emotional adjustment expectation experience externalizing behavior follower of religion Jewish interest longitudinal design male member peer perpetrators prospective protective effect psychologic psychosocial psychosocial adjustment resilience response school violence social social capital

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overarching goal of the proposed research is to advance our understanding of how persistent and extreme exposure to political conflict and violence combines with cognitive, emotional, and self processes to influence the psychosocial adjustment and mental health of children. In the proposed investigation, we will study those processes in two linked samples: Israeli (Jewish and Arab) and Palestinian children living in the conflicted areas of Israel and Palestine. We propose to conduct extensive interview assessments on three cohorts of children and their parents drawn from populations of both Palestinian-Arab and Israeli (Jewish and Arab) families beginning when the children are 8, 11, and 14 years old and concluding when the children are, respectively, 11, 14, and 17 years old. We will implement a cohort-sequential prospective longitudinal design. This design will permit us to analyze the ways in which ecological contexts marred by constant ethnic and political conflicts and frequent eruptions of politically motivated violence affect children's psychosocial adjustment from the critical developmental period of middle childhood through middle adolescence. The design of the proposed project also permits us to study the contextual and individual predictors and correlates of problematic and healthy developmental pathways under extremely adverse ecological conditions. Thus, we can examine the influence of an ongoing politically violent context on the emergence and maintenance of cognitions, emotional styles, and self-identity processes that contribute to the development of enduring patterns of behavioral adjustment and mental health. Additionally, we will explore the ways in which family and peer relationships serve to moderate and mediate associations between exposure to political violence and child adjustment, and examine transactional relations between the behavior of parents and their children under politically violent conditions. Our investigation is guided by five principal aims: 1) We will investigate the psychosocial and mental health consequences of exposure to persistent and extreme political violence to the normal development of children, at different ages, by gender, and across different socio-cultural contexts; 2) We will examine the relations between exposure to persistent political violence and three sets of individual factors that potentially could mediate or moderate those relations: cognitive beliefs (e.g., normative beliefs about general aggression and aggression targeted at outgroup members), emotion regulation styles (e.g., anger control), and self-identity processes (e.g., self worth); 3) We will investigate whether individual differences among children in our sample in exposure to extreme political violence are associated with exposure to other forms of violence, including non-political violence in the community, domestic violence, and school violence; 4) We will examine the potential mediating and moderating effects of parent-child relationships on the relation between exposure to political violence and child adjustment; and 5) We will examine the potential mediating and moderating effects of peer relationships on the association between exposure to political violence and child adjustment.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的总体目标是促进我们对政治冲突和暴力的持久和极端暴露与认知，情感和自我过程的理解，以影响儿童的社会心理调整和心理健康。在拟议的调查中，我们将在两个相关的样本中研究这些过程：以色列（犹太人和阿拉伯）以及居住在以色列和巴勒斯坦冲突地区的巴勒斯坦儿童。我们建议对三名儿童及其父母进行广泛的访谈评估，这些儿童及其父母从巴勒斯坦 - 阿拉伯和以色列（犹太人和阿拉伯）家庭中吸引起来，从8、11岁和14岁开始，并在孩子分别为11、14和17岁的时候就结束了。我们将实施队列序列的前瞻性纵向设计。这种设计将使我们能够分析因持续不断的种族和政治冲突而损害的生态环境以及出于政治动机暴力的频繁爆发会影响儿童从童年至青春期至中期的关键发展时期的儿童的社会心理调整。拟议项目的设计还允许我们在极不利的生态条件下研究有问题和健康的发育途径的上下文和个人预测因素和相关性。因此，我们可以研究持续的政治暴力环境对认知，情感风格和自我认同过程的出现和维持的影响，这有助于发展行为调整和心理健康的持久模式。此外，我们将探讨家庭和同伴关系在暴露于政治暴力和儿童调整之间的适度和调解关联的方式，并检查在政治暴力条件下父母及其子女的行为之间的交易关系。我们的调查以五个主要目的为指导：1）我们将调查暴露于不同年龄，性别，跨不同社会文化环境的儿童正常发展的持续和极端政治暴力的心理和心理健康后果； 2）我们将研究暴露于持续的政治暴力与可能导致或缓和这些关系的三组个人因素之间的关系：认知信念（例如，针对外部成员的一般侵略和攻击性的规范性信念），情绪调节样式（例如，愤怒控制）和自我同身的过程（例如，自我身份控制过程）（例如，自我价值）； 3）我们将调查样本中儿童在暴露于极端政治暴力的情况下是否与其他形式的暴力暴露有关，包括社区中的非政治暴力，家庭暴力和学校暴力； 4）我们将研究亲子关系对政治暴力和儿童调整之间关系的潜在中介和调节作用； 5）我们将研究同伴关系对政治暴力和调整儿童的关联的潜在中介和调节作用。