Clustering of underage alcohol use in communities and its contextual influences

社区中未成年人饮酒的聚集及其背景影响

• 批准号: 7364725
• 负责人: BETH A. REBOUSSIN
• 金额: $ 17.63万
• 依托单位: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-28 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7364725
• 关键词: Accounting; Acute; Age; Age-Years; Alcohol consumption; Belief; Characteristics; Cities; Class; Cocaine; Communities; Community Trial; Computer software; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Disadvantaged; Education; Environment; Family; Friends; Future; Gender; Geographic Locations; Goals; Individual; Investigation; Law Enforcement; Laws; Logistic Regressions; Low Prevalence; Marijuana; Measures; Morphologic artifacts; Mothers; Nature; Neighborhoods; Odds Ratio; Prevention intervention; Procedures; Process; Public Health; Race; Randomized; Range; Research; Research Project Grants; Role; Sample Size; Sampling; Schools; Series; Social Environment; Source; Staging; Statistical Methods; Surveys; Writing; Youth; aged; alcohol epidemiology; alcohol related problem; base; contextual factors; density of AOD outlets; design; drinking; drinking behavior; family structure; peer; problem drinker; response; social; theories; underage drinking; user-friendly

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Underage alcohol use remains at unacceptably high levels and is an enormous public health issue with a wide range of serious physical, social and psycho-social consequences, both acute and long-term. The goal of this application is to examine the extent to which underage alcohol use clusters geographically in a sample of US neighborhoods and cities and to elucidate a possible explanation for this clustering as it relates to individual, social and community-level environmental contexts. Despite the proliferation of efforts to change the community-wide environment surrounding alcohol use, estimates of the clustering of underage alcohol use are sparse and the manner in which contextual factors are related to this clustering have not been adequately examined. Clustering is most often treated as a "design effect" in epidemiologic surveys, but clustering can have important substantive implications. This application proposes secondary data analysis of the largest-ever randomized community trial of underage alcohol use to: (1) provide the first estimates of the magnitude of clustering of underage alcohol use based on pair wise odds ratios obtained from a statistical method called alternating logistic regression (ALR), (2) evaluate the role of individual, social and community-level environmental contexts on this clustering, and (3) develop a statistical approach for examining the clustering of subtypes of underage drinkers derived from latent class analysis. The proposed study will capitalize on data from repeated cross-sectional samples of approximately 6800 youth aged 14-20 from 68 US cities surveyed in each of three years (2004, 2006 and 2007) and collected as part of the Enforcing Underage Drinking Laws Randomized Community Trial (EUDL-CT). In addition to measures of alcohol use and alcohol-related problems, measures will include a wide range of contextual factors expected to relate to the clustering of underage alcohol use: social influences (friends, peers, family, and school), social context of drinking, neighborhood composition, community-level law enforcement activities, and alcohol outlet density. To the extent to which we can understand what causes clustering of underage alcohol use, we may identify aspects of the environment that are shared within communities and that may help to account for the higher or lower prevalence of underage alcohol use. This information will have importance by disclosing what contextual factors should be targeted in future community-wide prevention and intervention efforts. This application proposes secondary data analysis of the largest-ever randomized community trial of underage alcohol use to: (1) provide the first estimates of the magnitude of clustering of underage alcohol use based on pair wise odds ratios obtained from a statistical method called alternating logistic regression (ALR), (2) evaluate the role of individual, social and community-level environmental contexts on this clustering, and (3) develop a statistical approach for examining the clustering of subtypes of underage drinkers derived from latent class analysis. The proposed study will capitalize on data from repeated cross-sectional samples of approximately 6800 youth aged 14-20 from 68 US cities surveyed in each of three years (2004, 2006 and 2007) and collected as part of the Enforcing Underage Drinking Laws Randomized Community Trial (EUDL-CT). To the extent to which we can understand what causes clustering of underage alcohol use, we may identify aspects of the environment that are shared within communities and that may help to account for the higher or lower prevalence of underage alcohol use. This information will have importance by disclosing what contextual factors should be targeted in future community-wide prevention and intervention efforts.

描述（由申请人提供）：未成年人饮酒仍然处于令人无法接受的高水平，是一个巨大的公共卫生问题，会造成一系列严重的身体、社会和心理社会后果，包括急性和长期的后果。此应用程序的目标是检查美国社区和城市样本中未成年人饮酒的地理聚集程度，并阐明这种聚集与个人、社会和社区环境背景相关的可能解释。尽管为改变围绕酒精使用的社区范围的环境所做的努力不断增多，但对未成年人饮酒聚类的估计很少，而且与该聚类相关的背景因素的方式尚未得到充分研究。在流行病学调查中，聚类通常被视为“设计效应”，但聚类可能具有重要的实质性影响。本申请建议对有史以来最大规模的未成年人饮酒随机社区试验进行二次数据分析，以：(1) 根据从称为交替逻辑斯蒂的统计方法获得的成对比值比，提供对未成年人饮酒聚类程度的初步估计。回归（ALR），（2）评估个人、社会和社区层面的环境背景在此聚类中的作用，以及（3）开发一种统计方法来检查从潜在类别分析中得出的未成年饮酒者亚型的聚类。拟议的研究将利用来自美国 68 个城市的约 6800 名 14-20 岁青少年的重复横断面样本数据，这些样本每三年（2004 年、2006 年和 2007 年）进行调查，并作为执行未成年人饮酒法随机社区的一部分收集试验（EUDL-CT）。除了酒精使用和酒精相关问题的测量之外，测量还将包括预计与未成年人饮酒聚集相关的各种背景因素：社会影响（朋友、同龄人、家庭和学校）、饮酒的社会背景、社区构成、社区级执法活动以及酒类销售点密度。在我们能够了解导致未成年人饮酒集中的原因的范围内，我们可以确定社区内共享的环境方面，这可能有助于解释未成年人饮酒流行率的较高或较低。这些信息非常重要，因为它揭示了未来社区范围内的预防和干预工作应针对哪些背景因素。 本申请建议对有史以来最大规模的未成年人饮酒随机社区试验进行二次数据分析，以：(1) 根据从称为交替逻辑斯蒂的统计方法获得的成对比值比，提供对未成年人饮酒聚类程度的初步估计。回归（ALR），（2）评估个人、社会和社区层面的环境背景在此聚类中的作用，以及（3）开发一种统计方法来检查从潜在类别分析中得出的未成年饮酒者亚型的聚类。拟议的研究将利用来自美国 68 个城市的约 6800 名 14-20 岁青少年的重复横断面样本数据，这些样本每三年（2004 年、2006 年和 2007 年）进行调查，并作为执行未成年人饮酒法随机社区的一部分收集试验（EUDL-CT）。在我们能够了解导致未成年人饮酒集中的原因的范围内，我们可以确定社区内共享的环境方面，这可能有助于解释未成年人饮酒流行率的较高或较低。这些信息非常重要，因为它揭示了未来社区范围内的预防和干预工作应针对哪些背景因素。