Understanding False Recognition in Alzheimer's Disease

了解阿尔茨海默氏病的错误识别

• 批准号: 7408003
• 负责人: Andrew Budson
• 金额: $ 24万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-05-15 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7408003
• 关键词: Affect; Age; Alzheimer' s Disease; Awareness; Behavioral; Caring; Clinical; Collection; Cues; Dementia; Discrimination; Disease; Elderly; Event-Related Potentials; Experimental Psychology; Familiarity; Generations; Lead; Memory; Memory impairment; Participant; Patient Care; Patients; Rate; Reaction Time; Research; Research Personnel; Semantics; Source; Techniques; Testing; Thumb structure; Time; Work; attenuation; base; cognitive neuroscience; expectation; frontal lobe function; heuristics; insight; memory recognition; programs; research study; response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dementia will develop in 5% to 11% of people over the age of 65 and will affect as many as 50% of those over age 85. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Investigating false recognition in AD is important in understanding clinical false memories and in interpreting the results of memory tests used in research and clinical care. Previously we focused on false memories which occur when subjects falsely recognize items because they share the general meaning, idea, or gist conveyed by a collection of items (gist information). The proposed experiments will use the techniques of experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience (including event-related potentials, ERPs) to investigate the more fundamental issue of the false recognition of unrelated items (the baseline rate of false alarms) in AD. As false alarms are a reflection of the response bias (or tendency to respond "old"), this proposal will critically examine this bias in AD. Aim 1 will investigate whether AD patients are able to shift to a more conservative response bias. Expt. 1 will examine response bias at varying levels of discrimination, and will correlate this bias with frontal lobe function and awareness of the patients' memory deficit. Expt. 2 will use ERPs to examine response bias when AD patients are told that a lower proportion of studied items are present than actually are. Aim 2 will investigate whether AD patients are impaired in their ability to inhibit responding "old" on the basis of weak cues. Expts. 3 & 4 will use behavioral and ERP responses to examine whether AD patients are more likely than older adults to respond "old" when items are made more familiar by increasing the presentation time or perceptual clarity of the test item. Expt. 5 examines whether AD patients can correctly attribute the source of their familiarity. Aim 3 will investigate whether the disordered semantic networks present in AD lead to an aberrant sense of familiarity and to increased false recognition. Expts. 6 & 7 will examine AD patients' reaction time, N400 ERP responses, and false recognition of weak semantic associates. Aim 4 will investigate the use of a distinctiveness heuristic in AD whereby subjects may lower their false recognition using the rule of thumb, "If I had seen it before I would have remembered it." Expts. 8 & 9 will use behavioral and ERP responses to examine whether AD patients can use this heuristic to reduce their false recognition and whether its use correlates with the patients' awareness of their memory deficit. Taken together, the proposed studies will provide new insights into memory in AD which may lead to improvements in our research and clinical care of patients with AD.

描述（由申请人提供）：痴呆症将在65岁以上的5％至11％的人中发展，并将影响85岁以上的人中多达50％。阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）是痴呆症的最常见原因。研究AD中的错误识别对于理解临床错误记忆以及解释研究和临床护理中使用的记忆测试结果很重要。以前，我们专注于错误的记忆，这些记忆是在受试者错误地识别项目时出现的，因为它们共享了一系列项目（GIST信息）所传达的一般含义，思想或要点。拟议的实验将使用实验心理学和认知神经科学的技术（包括事件相关的电位，ERP）来研究AD中无关项目的错误识别（错误警报的基线率）的更根本问题。由于虚假警报是反应偏见的反映（或响应“旧”的趋势），因此该提案将严格检查AD中的这一偏见。 AIM 1将调查AD患者是否能够转移到更保守的反应偏见。 expt。 1将在不同水平的歧视水平上检查反应偏见，并将这种偏见与额叶功能和对患者记忆不足的认识相关。 expt。当广告患者被告知存在比实际的项目比例较低时，2将使用ERP检查反应偏见。 AIM 2将调查AD患者是否会根据弱提示抑制“旧”反应的能力受损。 expts。 3和4将使用行为和ERP的反应来检查AD患者是否比老年人更有可能通过增加测试项目的演示时间或知觉清晰度来使项目更熟悉时“旧”。 expt。 5检查AD患者是否可以正确地归因于他们的熟悉来源。 AIM 3将调查AD中存在的无序语义网络是否会导致异常的熟悉感并增加虚假认识。 expts。 6和7将检查AD患者的反应时间，N400 ERP的反应以及对语义较弱的同伴的错误识别。 AIM 4将调查在广告中使用独特性启发式的使用，从而使用经验法则降低了他们的错误认可，“如果我在记住它之前就已经看到了它。” expts。 8和9将使用行为和ERP的反应来检查AD患者是否可以使用这种启发式方法来减少其错误识别，以及其使用是否与患者对记忆不足的认识相关。综上所述，拟议的研究将为AD中的记忆提供新的见解，这可能会改善我们对AD患者的研究和临床护理。