Hebb Marr Networks the Hippocampus and Spatial Memory

赫布·马尔将海马体和空间记忆联系起来

• 批准号: 8054031
• 负责人: BRUCE L MCNAUGHTON
• 金额: $ 43.11万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF LETHBRIDGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-01-01 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8054031
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Amphetamines; Amygdaloid structure; Animals; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Cells; Characteristics; Complex; Corpus striatum structure; Dopamine; Dorsal; Electric Stimulation; Episodic memory; Event; Evolution; Exhibits; Fire - disasters; Frequencies; Goals; High Frequency Oscillation; Hippocampus (Brain); Hour; Information Retrieval; Infusion procedures; Injection of therapeutic agent; Learning; Lidocaine; Limbic System; Link; Location; Medial; Memory; Methods; Microelectrodes; Modeling; N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors; Negative Reinforcements; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Parietal; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Probability; Process; Prosencephalon; Psychological reinforcement; Rattus; Receptor Activation; Relative (related person); Research Personnel; Retrieval; Rewards; Rodent; Role; Route; Slow-Wave Sleep; Spatial Behavior; Structure; Substance abuse problem; Substantia nigra structure; Synapses; Synaptic plasticity; System; Technology; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Thalamic structure; Time; Training; Traumatic Brain Injury; Ventral Striatum; Ventral Tegmental Area; Wakefulness; aging brain; awake; developmental disease; dopaminergic neuron; experience; interest; memory process; memory retrieval; memory trace reactivation; microstimulation; millisecond; neocortical; neural patterning; neuronal cell body; neurophysiology; novel; pars compacta; pathological aging; programs; receptive field; relating to nervous system; response; somatosensory; virtual

DESCRIPTION (provided by the applicant): The encoding, storage, retrieval and consolidation of either episodic or other forms of memory involves temporally extended interactions of large neural populations distributed over multiple brain regions. We propose to conduct a neurophysiological analysis of memory-related neural ensemble interactions within a closely linked system of brain regions that are important in mnemonic processes. These regions include hippocampus, amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex, dorsal and ventral striatum and substantia nigra/ventral tegmentum. Our main focus is the process of spontaneous memory trace reactivation, operationally defined in neurophysiological terms as the reestablishment of neural activity patterns that match those that were imposed by recent experience. Retrieval of sequences of such previously encoded patterns can be understood as a neural reflection of episodic memory. Off-line retrieval has long been proposed to assist in the process of memory consolidation. Previously, we established several important basic characteristics of this process: it occurs coherently among hippocampal and some neocortical neural ensembles; it recreates, in a compressed form, the short-term temporal order of encoded experiences; it is strongest during a period of 30-60 minutes after an experience, but can be observed at least 24 hours later. Of particular importance for this proposal is our observation that hippocampal memory trace reactivation is expressed primarily during a specific neurophysiological event, the hippocampal sharp-wave. Sharp-waves have been proposed on theoretical grounds to reflect the convergence of hippocampal associative networks onto attractor (i.e., stored memory) states. This proposal addresses a number of key unanswered questions: Is reactivation of memory traces in neocortical and subcortical structures coordinated by the hippocampus? Is there a window of enhanced neocortical or subcortical plasticity during sharp-waves? Is hippocampal reactivation dependent on NMDA receptor activation during encoding? Is the reactivation process potentiated by positive or negative reinforcement and does it interact with the firing of dopamine neurons in a manner that may assist in learning routes to reward? Do localized drug applications (e.g., in the hippocampus or amygdala), which facilitate or impair memory consolidation, affect the reactivation process? Such analyses require large scale parallel recording methods, and we have developed technology that will enable simultaneous recording from about 150-200 single neurons distributed over multiple structures in unanesthetized, behaving rodents. These studies should clarify the neurophysiological mechanisms of memory retrieval and consolidation, and assist in understanding deficits in this process that occur under conditions such as normal and pathological aging, brain trauma, developmental disorders and substance abuse.

描述（由申请人提供）：编码、存储、检索和 情景记忆或其他形式的记忆的巩固涉及时间 分布在多个区域的大型神经群体的扩展相互作用 大脑区域。我们建议进行神经生理学分析 紧密相连的系统内与记忆相关的神经整体相互作用 在记忆过程中重要的大脑区域。这些地区包括 海马体、杏仁核、内侧前额皮质、背侧和腹侧纹状体 和黑质/腹侧被盖。我们主要关注的过程是 自发记忆痕迹重新激活，操作上定义为 神经生理学术语作为神经活动模式的重建 与最近的经验所强加的那些相匹配。序列检索 这种先前编码的模式可以被理解为神经反射 情景记忆。长期以来，人们一直建议离线检索来协助 记忆巩固的过程。此前，我们建立了几个重要的 这个过程的基本特征：它在海马体之间连贯地发生 和一些新皮质神经系统；它以压缩的形式重新创建了 编码经验的短期时间顺序；它在一段时间内最强 体验后 30-60 分钟，但至少可以观察 24 几个小时后。对于该提案特别重要的是我们的观察： 海马记忆痕迹重新激活主要在特定的时期表达 神经生理事件，海马尖波。尖锐的波浪已经 提出的理论依据是为了反映海马的收敛性 关联网络到吸引子（即存储的记忆）状态。这个提议 解决了一些尚未解答的关键问题：记忆是否被重新激活 新皮质和皮质下结构中的痕迹由 海马体？是否存在增强新皮质或皮质下的窗口 尖波期间的可塑性？海马重新激活是否依赖于 NMDA 编码过程中受体激活？重新激活过程是否由以下因素增强： 正强化或负强化以及它是否与发射相互作用 多巴胺神经元以某种方式帮助学习奖励途径？做 局部药物应用（例如，在海马或杏仁核）， 促进或损害记忆巩固，影响重新激活过程？ 此类分析需要大规模并行记录方法，而我们有 开发出可同时录制约 150 至 200 人的技术 单个神经元在未麻醉的情况下分布在多个结构上，行为 啮齿动物。这些研究应该阐明神经生理学机制 记忆检索和巩固，并帮助理解缺陷 这个过程发生在正常和病理性衰老等条件下， 脑外伤、发育障碍和药物滥用。