Drug Choice, Impulsivity, and Risky Sexual Behavior

药物选择、冲动和危险的性行为

• 批准号: 7625301
• 负责人: Carl W Lejuez
• 金额: $ 4.04万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-06-01 至 2010-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7625301
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Affect; Affective; Attention; Behavioral; Behavioral inhibition; Bux; Cocaine; Cognitive; Coping Skills; Crack Cocaine; Data; Daughter; Diagnosis; Dimensions; Drug usage; Etiology; Future; Grouping; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV Seropositivity; Heroin; Heroin Users; Impulsivity; Individual; Informal Social Control; Knowledge; Literature; Location; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Modeling; Motor; Nature; Numbers; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Personality; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Prevention; Psychopathology; Questionnaires; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk-Taking; Role; Score; Self Efficacy; Sex Behavior; Sexual Arousal; Social support; Staging; Stress; Temperament; Testing; base; behavior measurement; condoms; coping; discounting; falls; high risk sexual behavior; indexing; preference; programs; self esteem; sobriety; social; theories

Risky sexual behavior (RSB) is the leading cause of HIV worldwide. Evidence suggests that drug use is related to engagement in RSB, with this relationship differing across drug of choice. Indeed, several researchers have documented that RSB is significantlymore frequent in heroin users who use crack/cocaine compared to heroin users who do use crack/cocaine. These studies have been interpreted to suggest that crack/cocaine use is a risk-factor for RSB. One limitation, however, is that heroin users also using crack/cocaine are using two drugs whereas heroin users not using crack/cocaine are using only one drug. Thus, greater levels of crack/cocaine use in these studies also could be conceptualized as the additive effects of another drug in general, and not necessarily the specific effects of crack/cocaine. Indeed, a true test of the role of drug choice requires independent groups (e.g., individuals dependent on crack/cocaine and not heroin vs. individuals dependent on heroin and not crack/cocaine vs. individuals dependent on both crack/cocaine and heroin) to more clearly isolate resulting differences. As a second limitation of this line of research, few studies have provided a clearly developed theoretical framework to explain why increased levels of RSB are related to crack/cocaine use. The current application will compare level of RSB across the following three groups of individuals beginning residential drug use treatment: a) 100 individuals dependent on crack/cocaine and using heroin no more than once monthly (covering a period 6 months prior to treatment); and b) 100 individuals dependent on heroin and using crack/cocaineno more than once monthly (covering a period 6 months prior to treatment); and c) 100 individuals dependent on both crack/cocaine and heroin (covering a period 6 months prior to treatment). Further, the current study will include an examination of the moderating and mediating effects of theory-driven combinations of variables taken from Social Action Theory and impulsivity across several domains of this construct (e.g., delay discounting, behavioral inhibition, impulsive risk taking) to begin to develop a larger framework to understand drug choice and RSB. The results will set the stage for future longitudinal research further assessing issues of causality and will begin to provide useful information regarding the prevention of HIV infection through better understanding risk factors for RSB.

有风险的性行为（RSB）是全球艾滋病毒的主要原因。有证据表明吸毒是 与参与RSB有关，这种关系在选择的药物中有所不同。确实，有几个 研究人员已经记录说，RSB在使用Crack/Cocaine的海洛因使用者中经常频繁 与使用破解/可卡因的海洛因使用者相比。这些研究被解释为表明 裂纹/可卡因的使用是RSB的风险因素。但是，一个限制是海洛因用户也使用 裂纹/可卡因使用两种药物，而不使用裂纹/可卡因的海洛因使用者仅使用一种药物。 因此，在这些研究中，更多的裂纹/可卡因使用也可以概念化为添加剂效应 通常，另一种药物，不一定是裂纹/可卡因的特定作用。确实，对 毒品选择的作用需要独立群体（例如，依赖裂纹/可卡因而不是海洛因的个人 vs.个人依赖海洛因，而不是破解/可卡因与个人依赖于裂纹/可卡因 海洛因）以更清楚地隔离产生的差异。作为这一研究的第二个局限性，很少 研究提供了一个明确开发的理论框架，以解释为什么RSB的水平增加为何 与裂纹/可卡因使用有关。当前的应用程序将比较以下三个的RSB级别 开始使用住宅药物治疗的个体组：a）100个人依赖裂纹/可卡因 并且使用海洛因每月不超过一次（涵盖治疗前6个月）；和b）100 个人依赖海洛因并每月使用裂纹/可卡因诺（Cocaineno）每月一次（涵盖一个时期6 治疗前几个月）； c）100个人依赖于破解/可卡因和海洛因（覆盖 治疗前6个月的期间）。此外，当前的研究将包括对调节的检查 以及从社会行动理论和 该结构的几个领域的冲动性（例如，延迟折现，行为抑制，冲动 冒险）开始开发更大的框架以了解药物选择和RSB。结果将设定 未来纵向研究的阶段进一步评估因果关系问题，并将开始提供有用的 通过更好地了解RSB的风险因素，有关预防HIV感染的信息。