Maternal Incarceration and Course of Child Psychopathology in the South Bronx

南布朗克斯的产妇监禁和儿童精神病理学课程

• 批准号: 7259244
• 负责人: Christina W. Hoven
• 金额: $ 65.85万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2012-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7259244
• 关键词: Adult; African American; Age; American; Area; Child; Child Mental Health; Cities; Classification; Client; Communities; County; Criminal Justice; Educational Status; Exposure to; Funding; Gender; Hispanics; Hour; Imprisonment; Intervention; Investigation; Jail; Justice; Life; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Minor; Mothers; New York City; Numbers; Outcome; Parents; Population; Prevalence; Preventive; Prisons; Psychopathology; Public Defender; Rate; Recruitment Activity; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Supervision; Therapeutic Intervention; Time; Trauma; Violence; Woman; biopsychosocial; court; high risk behavior; intergenerational; men; parole; probation; psychologic; resilience; response; statistics; theories; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Over the last 30 years the US has seen an unprecedented rise in incarceration - over 600 percent since 1975. With 2.3 million adults behind bars in 2005, the US now has the largest imprisoned population and highest incarceration rate in the world. Another 4.2 million are under criminal justice supervision in the community - on parole or probation - and another 10 million adults are arrested and held in custody for at least 24 hours in city and county jails. While they are only 25 percent of the US population, Blacks and Hispanics constitute >80 percent of the incarcerated (Drucker, 2005). These statistics are most compelling when women and children are considered. Since 85 percent of those incarcerated are parents of minor children, it is estimated that 2.5 million American children currently have one or both parents in jail or prison. There has been a particularly explosive increase in the number of incarcerated women: in the 1990s alone, the population of incarcerated woman increased by 400 percent (U.S. Department of Justice, 1999). More than 75 percent of women in prison are mothers. And, in contrast to imprisoned men, most incarcerated women (65 percent) live with and have custody of their children at the time they enter prison. Yet, despite the potential impact of maternal incarceration, there has been very little systematic study of the psychological consequences for their children. There is no coherent theory or body of evidence to inform preventive or therapeutic interventions for these children to reduce adverse impacts. Clearly, with limited funds for intervention, we must be able to target the most effective and propitious times. This R01 application is in response to the recent PA-04-075: Mental Health Consequences of Violence and Trauma. The main objective of this investigation is to understand the impact, over time, of maternal incarceration on children's mental health. We propose to recruit a sample of children (ages 10-14) immediately following the arrest of their co-resident mother. This sample (N=280), representative of all incarcerated mothers living in the South Bronx, will be obtained through collaborative arrangements with the Bronx Criminal Court in New York City and the Bronx Defenders, a well-established public defender organization serving 12,000 clients per year. A control Sample (N=280) of age-gender matched children whose mothers have never been incarcerated will be recruited in the same geographical area.

描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的30年中，美国的监禁前所未有 - 自1975年以来超过600％。2005年，有230万成年人在2005年落后，现在美国的监禁人口最多，监禁率最高。在社区中，在假释或缓刑的社区中，另外有420万人在刑事司法监督下，另外1000万成年人被捕并被拘留至少24小时在城市和县监狱。尽管他们仅占美国人口的25％，但黑人和西班牙裔占监禁的80％（Drucker，2005）。当考虑妇女和儿童时，这些统计数据最引人注目。由于被监禁的人中有85％是未成年子女的父母，因此估计有250万美国儿童目前有一个或两个父母在监狱或监狱中。被监禁妇女的数量爆炸性增长，仅在1990年代，被监禁妇女的人口增加了400％（美国司法部，1999年）。监狱中有75％以上的妇女是母亲。而且，与被监禁的男性相比，大多数被监禁的妇女（65％）与她的孩子一起居住并拘留了她的孩子。然而，尽管孕产妇监禁的潜在影响，但对孩子的心理后果的系统研究很少。没有一个连贯的理论或证据体系来告知这些儿童的预防或治疗干预措施，以减少不利影响。显然，借助有限的干预资金，我们必须能够针对最有效和最合适的时代。此R01应用是响应最近的PA-04-075：暴力和创伤的心理健康后果。这项调查的主要目的是了解孕产妇监禁对儿童心理健康的影响。我们建议在逮捕其共同居民母亲后立即招募一份儿童样本（10-14岁）。该样本（n = 280），代表所有居住在南布朗克斯的被监禁母亲的代表，将通过与纽约市的布朗克斯刑事法院的合作安排和布朗克斯·捍卫者（Bronx Deffers）和公共辩护人每年为12,000名客户提供服务的公共辩护人组织而获得。在同一地理区域将招募一个从未被监禁的母亲的对照样本（n = 280）与年龄相匹配的儿童。