BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION, STRESS AND MATERNAL OXYTOCIN RESPONSE

血压调节、压力和母亲催产素反应

• 批准号: 7385977
• 负责人: Kathleen C Light
• 金额: $ 37.92万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-04-01 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7385977
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Affective; African American; Age; Animal Model; Animals; Anxiety; Behavior; Behavioral; Blood; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitors; Blood specimen; Breast; Breast Feeding; Cardiovascular system; Caring; Catecholamines; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Child; Childbirth; Clothing; Cognitive; Condition; Corticosterone; Daily; Data; Data Analyses; Depth; Feasibility Studies; Fetal Cocaine Exposure; Frequencies; Future; Health; High Blood Pressure; Home environment; Hormones; Hour; Human; Husband; Hydrocortisone; Hypotension; Hypothalamic structure; Infant; Intervention; Invasive; Kangaroo; Laboratory Study; Life; Link; Massage; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Methods; Monitor; Mothers; Muscle; Neural Pathways; Neuropeptides; Norepinephrine; Object Attachment; Outcome; Oxytocin; Parenting behavior; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Physiological; Pituitary Gland; Plasma; Postpartum Period; Primates; Rate; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Rest; Rewards; Rodent; Saliva; Salivary; Sampling; Score; Secondary to; Skin; Speech; Stress; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Touch sensation; Urine; Visit; Vulnerable Populations; Weaning; Woman; Work; Workload; age effect; blood pressure regulation; day; depressive symptoms; experience; follow-up; innovation; insight; maternal stress; neurobehavioral; programs; prospective; response; social; stressor; translational study; urinary

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The first year after childbirth is highly stressful for many mothers, but enhanced activity of the "bonding hormone" oxytocin (OT) may decrease blood pressure (BP), sympathetic and corticosterone activity, and stress behavior, while increasing positive affect and activation of central reward pathways during mother- infant contact. Currently in the US, roughly 60% of new mothers return to work within the first year, increasing the mother's total workload while markedly decreasing the time available for mother-infant contact in the child's early life. In 3 translational studies, we found that mothers who decreased their OT levels during a lab stressor that followed warm contact with their infants had higher BP levels before, during and after stress than mothers who increased OT; OT decrease mothers were more likely to be bottle- than breast- feeders. Higher OT response of mothers with young infants (< 5 months) was also related to lower ambulatory BP at home. Preliminary data suggests that lower OT response in African American mothers with infants less than 5 months old may be linked to early return to work outside the home. We hypothesize that during the first year postpartum, decreased maternal OT activity is related to less frequent mother-infant interactions and less warm physical contact between them (including breast-feeding), and that increasing such contacts are beneficial for both mother and infant. Thus, we will recruit 120 mother-infant dyads (including 48 African American) to address the following questions: 1. At 2-3 months postpartum, is OT response after warm infant contact lower in mothers who have vs. have not returned to work, and who have vs. have not weaned their infants from breast feeding? 2. Is prior physical touch with their infant essential to elicit maternal OT increases, or is face-to-face interaction without touch equally effective? 3. Using a prospective, within-dyad study with testing at 2-3 months and again at 1 year, is higher maternal OT response at initial testing associated with lower ambulatory BP at home, and with higher maternal attachment scores and higher quality mother-infant interaction, and does it predict higher quality interaction at age 1 year? All 120 mothers will undergo 2 days of 24-hour BP monitoring, so that working mothers are monitored on a day spent with vs. a day spent apart from their babies. Maternal OT response will also be related to 24-hour urinary catecholamine and cortisol on both days. Also, in a pilot feasibility component, mother and infant salivary and urinary measures of OT will be obtained concurrently with maternal blood- derived OT, to provide initial tests of the capability to assess OT activity with non-invasively obtained samples. This research will provide insights into the effect of the frequency and type of early mother-infant interactions on neurobehavioral pathways influencing their physiological, behavioral and affective responses, which may have profound implications for the health and well-being of both mother and child.

描述（由申请人提供）：分娩后的第一年对许多母亲的压力很大，但是“粘合激素”催产素（OT）的活动增强可能会降低血压（BP），交感神经和压力行为，同时增加母亲奖励途径的正面奖励和激活。目前，在美国，大约60％的新妈妈在第一年重返工作岗位，增加了母亲的总工作量，同时显着减少了儿童早期母亲接触的时间。在3项翻译研究中，我们发现，在与婴儿之前，期间和之后，与增加ot的母亲相比，与婴儿的热情接触后，与婴儿的接触量更高的母亲的母亲具有更高的BP水平。与母乳喂养者相比，母亲少的母亲更有可能是瓶装。年轻婴儿（<5个月）的母亲的较高的OT反应也与家里的门诊BP降低有关。初步数据表明，在不到5个月大的婴儿的非裔美国母亲中，OT的反应较低可能与早期返回家中工作有关。我们假设在产后第一年，孕产妇活性的降低与较不常见的母亲相互作用和它们之间的身体接触较少有关（包括母乳喂养），并且增加这种接触对母亲和婴儿都有益。因此，我们将招募120个母亲二元组（包括48名非裔美国人）来解决以下问题：1。产后2-3个月，在婴儿接触较低的母亲较低的母亲vs. vs.没有返回工作的母亲之后，又有反应，而那些没有返回工作的母亲，他们没有养育婴儿的婴儿？ 2。先前与婴儿的物理触摸是引起孕产妇ot增加的必不可少的，还是面对面的互动而没有触摸同样有效？ 3。使用前瞻性的，在2-3个月时进行测试的前瞻性研究，并在1岁时再次进行测试，在与家里较低的门诊BP相关的初始测试中，较高的母体OT反应，并且具有较高的母体依恋分数和较高质量的母性相互作用，并且它是否可以预测1岁年龄较高的质量质量较高？所有120个母亲都将接受2天24小时的BP监测，因此，与婴儿一起度过的一天与一天分开的一天，对工作母亲进行监控。这两天都将与24小时的泌尿儿茶酚胺和皮质醇有关。同样，在试验性可行性组件中，将与母体血液衍生的OT同时获得OT的母亲和婴儿唾液和尿量措施，以提供有关用非侵入性获得的样品评估OT活性的初步测试。这项研究将提供有关早期母亲相互作用对影响其生理，行为和情感反应的神经行为途径频率和类型的影响的见解，这可能对母亲和孩子的健康和幸福感具有深远的影响。