BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION, STRESS AND MATERNAL OXYTOCIN RESPONSE

血压调节、压力和母亲催产素反应

• 批准号: 7385977
• 负责人: Kathleen C Light
• 金额: $ 37.92万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-04-01 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7385977
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Affective; African American; Age; Animal Model; Animals; Anxiety; Behavior; Behavioral; Blood; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitors; Blood specimen; Breast; Breast Feeding; Cardiovascular system; Caring; Catecholamines; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Child; Childbirth; Clothing; Cognitive; Condition; Corticosterone; Daily; Data; Data Analyses; Depth; Feasibility Studies; Fetal Cocaine Exposure; Frequencies; Future; Health; High Blood Pressure; Home environment; Hormones; Hour; Human; Husband; Hydrocortisone; Hypotension; Hypothalamic structure; Infant; Intervention; Invasive; Kangaroo; Laboratory Study; Life; Link; Massage; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Methods; Monitor; Mothers; Muscle; Neural Pathways; Neuropeptides; Norepinephrine; Object Attachment; Outcome; Oxytocin; Parenting behavior; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Physiological; Pituitary Gland; Plasma; Postpartum Period; Primates; Rate; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Rest; Rewards; Rodent; Saliva; Salivary; Sampling; Score; Secondary to; Skin; Speech; Stress; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Touch sensation; Urine; Visit; Vulnerable Populations; Weaning; Woman; Work; Workload; age effect; blood pressure regulation; day; depressive symptoms; experience; follow-up; innovation; insight; maternal stress; neurobehavioral; programs; prospective; response; social; stressor; translational study; urinary

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The first year after childbirth is highly stressful for many mothers, but enhanced activity of the "bonding hormone" oxytocin (OT) may decrease blood pressure (BP), sympathetic and corticosterone activity, and stress behavior, while increasing positive affect and activation of central reward pathways during mother- infant contact. Currently in the US, roughly 60% of new mothers return to work within the first year, increasing the mother's total workload while markedly decreasing the time available for mother-infant contact in the child's early life. In 3 translational studies, we found that mothers who decreased their OT levels during a lab stressor that followed warm contact with their infants had higher BP levels before, during and after stress than mothers who increased OT; OT decrease mothers were more likely to be bottle- than breast- feeders. Higher OT response of mothers with young infants (< 5 months) was also related to lower ambulatory BP at home. Preliminary data suggests that lower OT response in African American mothers with infants less than 5 months old may be linked to early return to work outside the home. We hypothesize that during the first year postpartum, decreased maternal OT activity is related to less frequent mother-infant interactions and less warm physical contact between them (including breast-feeding), and that increasing such contacts are beneficial for both mother and infant. Thus, we will recruit 120 mother-infant dyads (including 48 African American) to address the following questions: 1. At 2-3 months postpartum, is OT response after warm infant contact lower in mothers who have vs. have not returned to work, and who have vs. have not weaned their infants from breast feeding? 2. Is prior physical touch with their infant essential to elicit maternal OT increases, or is face-to-face interaction without touch equally effective? 3. Using a prospective, within-dyad study with testing at 2-3 months and again at 1 year, is higher maternal OT response at initial testing associated with lower ambulatory BP at home, and with higher maternal attachment scores and higher quality mother-infant interaction, and does it predict higher quality interaction at age 1 year? All 120 mothers will undergo 2 days of 24-hour BP monitoring, so that working mothers are monitored on a day spent with vs. a day spent apart from their babies. Maternal OT response will also be related to 24-hour urinary catecholamine and cortisol on both days. Also, in a pilot feasibility component, mother and infant salivary and urinary measures of OT will be obtained concurrently with maternal blood- derived OT, to provide initial tests of the capability to assess OT activity with non-invasively obtained samples. This research will provide insights into the effect of the frequency and type of early mother-infant interactions on neurobehavioral pathways influencing their physiological, behavioral and affective responses, which may have profound implications for the health and well-being of both mother and child.

描述（由申请人提供）：分娩后的第一年对许多母亲来说压力很大，但“结合激素”催产素 (OT) 活性的增强可能会降低血压 (BP)、交感神经和皮质酮活性以及压力行为，同时在母婴接触过程中增加积极影响并激活中央奖励通路。目前在美国，大约60%的新妈妈在第一年内重返工作岗位，这增加了母亲的总工作量，同时显着减少了孩子生命早期母婴接触的时间。在 3 项转化研究中，我们发现，在与婴儿温暖接触后的实验室压力源中降低 OT 水平的母亲，在压力之前、期间和之后的血压水平高于增加 OT 的母亲。与母乳喂养相比，工作时间减少的母亲更有可能采用奶瓶喂养。有小婴儿（< 5 个月）的母亲较高的 OT 反应也与较低的家庭动态血压有关。初步数据表明，婴儿小于 5 个月的非裔美国母亲对 OT 反应较低可能与提前返回家庭外工作有关。我们假设，在产后第一年，母亲 OT 活动减少与母婴互动减少以及母婴之间温暖的身体接触（包括母乳喂养）减少有关，而增加此类接触对母亲和婴儿都有利。因此，我们将招募 120 名母婴二人组（包括 48 名非洲裔美国人）来解决以下问题： 1. 产后 2-3 个月，与未重返工作岗位的母亲相比，在与婴儿温暖接触后的 OT 反应是否较低，以及哪些人没有给婴儿断奶？ 2. 事先与婴儿进行身体接触对于引起母亲 OT 增加至关重要，还是没有接触的面对面互动也同样有效？ 3. 使用一项前瞻性、二人组内研究，在 2-3 个月和 1 年再次进行测试，初步测试时较高的母亲 OT 反应与较低的家庭动态血压、较高的母亲依恋评分和较高质量的母亲相关。婴儿互动，它是否预示着 1 岁时更高质量的互动？所有 120 名母亲都将接受为期 2 天的 24 小时血压监测，以便职业母亲在与婴儿在一起的一天和与婴儿分开的一天进行监测。母亲的 OT 反应也与这两天的 24 小时尿儿茶酚胺和皮质醇有关。此外，在试点可行性部分，母亲和婴儿唾液和尿液的 OT 测量值将与母血来源的 OT 同时获取，以提供利用非侵入性获得的样本评估 OT 活动能力的初步测试。这项研究将深入了解早期母婴互动的频率和类型对影响其生理、行为和情感反应的神经行为途径的影响，这可能对母亲和孩子的健康和福祉产生深远的影响。