Influence of Fitness on Brain and Cognition

健身对大脑和认知的影响

• 批准号: 7600780
• 负责人: ARTHUR F. KRAMER
• 金额: $ 0.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-15 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7600780
• 关键词: Aerobic; Animal Experimentation; Animals; Brain; Brain region; C-reactive protein; Cognition; Cognitive; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dietary Intervention; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Education; Elderly; Event; Exhibits; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Gray unit of radiation dose; Growth Factor; Human; Imaging Techniques; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Interleukin-6; Intervention; Lead; Learning; Life Style; Literature; Measures; Medial; Memory; Nature; Parietal; Pattern; Performance; Process; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Short-Term Memory; Structure; Techniques; Testing; Training; aging brain; base; executive function; fitness; improved; interest; neural circuit; nutrition; skills; white matter; young adult

This proposal examines the effect of aerobic fitness training on human cognition, brain structure, and brain function of older adults. Our study is prompted by the encouraging effects of fitness training on human cognition (Cotcombe & Kramer, 2003) and more recently human brain structure and function (Colcombe et al., 2003, in press). Such effects are of great interest both for what they tell us about the nature of cognitive and brain aging and also for their public health implications. The main specific aims of our studies include: ) To test the hypothesis that improvements in aerobic fitness of older adults will lead to improved )erformance on a variety of cognitive processes, and more specifically those processes that are supported, n large part, by frontal regions of the brain. 2) To test the hypothesis that the improvements in cognitive processes engendered by enhanced aerobic fitness will be supported by changes in underlying neural circuits, as inferred from patterns of fMRI activation obtained in a 3 tesla scanner. We hypothesize that the changes in the patterns of fMRI activation that result from improvements in aerobic fitness will approach those activation patterns exhibited by young adults. 3) To test the hypothesis that improvements in aerobic fitness, over the course of a 1 year intervention, will result in increases in gray and white matter volume in regions of the human brain (i.e. primarily frontal, medial temporal and parietal) that have previously been demonstrated to show sparing in cross-sectional studies. 4) To test the hypothesis that increased levels of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF1) and decreases in markers of inflammation (i.e. C-reactive protein & interleukin-6)engendered by improvements in aerobic fitness will moderate the fitness benefits observed on measures of cognition, brain function and structure.

该提案研究了有氧健身训练对人类认知，大脑结构和大脑的影响 老年人的功能。我们的研究是由于健身训练对人类的令人鼓舞的影响而引起的 认知（Cotcombe＆Kramer，2003年）和最近的人脑结构和功能（Colcombe et Al。，2003年，印刷中）。这种影响引起了人们的极大兴趣，因为他们告诉我们认知的性质 和大脑衰老以及其公共卫生的影响。我们研究的主要具体目的包括： ）检验以下假设，即改善老年人有氧健身将导致改善 ）对各种认知过程的性能，更具体地说是那些支持的过程 n很大一部分，大脑的额叶区域。 2）检验以下假设，即有氧运动增强的认知过程的改善 正如fMRI的模式推断出的基础神经回路的变化将支持健身。 在3特斯拉扫描仪中获得的激活。我们假设fMRI激活模式的变化 这是由于有氧健身的改善而导致的，将接近Young所表现出的激活模式 成年人。 3）检验以下假设：在1年的干预过程中，有氧健身的改善将 导致人脑区域中灰质和白质体积的增加（即主要是额叶， 内侧颞叶和顶叶）以前已被证明显示出在横截面 研究。 4）检验以下假设：胰岛素样生长因子I（IGF1）的水平增加并减少 炎症的标记（即C反应蛋白和白介素-6），并通过有氧运动改善而产生 适应性将适应认知，大脑功能和结构的措施所观察到的适应性益处。