Neurodevelopmental Maturation and Alcohol Use in Adolescents

青少年的神经发育成熟和酒精使用

• 批准号: 7391486
• 负责人: DUNCAN B. CLARK
• 金额: $ 40.57万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-30 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7391486
• 关键词: 15 year old; Adolescence; Adolescent; Affect; Age; Aggressive behavior; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; Amygdaloid structure; Anisotropy; Anxiety; Area; Back; Behavioral; Brain; Cerebrum; Characteristics; Class; Cognitive; Communities; Condition; DNA; Data; Data Collection; Dependence; Development; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dimensions; Disease; Drug usage; Emotional; Environmental Risk Factor; Evaluable Disease; Evaluation; Face; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Gender; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Polymorphism; Growth; Hippocampus (Brain); Impulsivity; Incentives; Investigation; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Mediating; Mental Depression; Methods; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Neurobiology; Neuropsychological Tests; Nucleic Acid Regulatory Sequences; Parents; Prefrontal Cortex; Procedures; Purpose; Race; Rate; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Research; Research Design; Rewards; Risk; Saccades; Sample Size; Sampling; Stimulus; Stratification; Stress; Structure; System; Techniques; Testing; Thinking; TimeLine; Trauma; Variant; Ventral Striatum; alcohol abstinence; alcohol and other drug; alcohol effect; alcohol exposure; alcohol use disorder; base; behavior measurement; cognitive function; cohort; comparative; design; endophenotype; experience; frontal lobe; indexing; innovation; neural circuit; neuroimaging; oculomotor; parental involvement; psychologic; relating to nervous system; response; serotonin transporter; theories; underage drinking; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This R21 application, in response to RFA-AA-07-006, proposes to initiate a project to determine the effects of alcohol exposure on the developing brain during adolescence. The study examines brain areas that are actively developing during adolescence, involved in psychological regulation, response to rewards, thought to be vulnerable to dysmaturation by alcohol exposure, and evaluate with contemporary neuroimaging techniques. An accelerated longitudinal design will be utilized. A representative community sample will be identified, recruited and screened, and a stratified sample of 160 adolescents ages 12 through 15 years old will be selected. Subject stratification will be based on age, gender and race. A substantial proportion of the sample will be recruited prior to the initiation of alcohol use, and our prior longitudinal study using similar methods indicates that the sample will show sufficient variability in alcohol use trajectories for the study aims to be fulfilled. The neurodevelopmental evaluation will focus on structures and circuits subserving psychological regulation and responses to rewards, including the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus and ventral striatum, as well as associated white mater. The project will specifically examine the organization of white matter areas serving the frontal cortex by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), prefrontal and amygdalar activation by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during tasks involving emotional responses to affectively-laden faces, regional activation to a task requiring inhibition of pre-potent oculomotor responses in an anti-saccade task, and responses to systematically varied reward contingencies. Psychological dysregulation constructs measured will include behavioral undercontrol, negative emotionality, and executive cognitive functioning. We hypothesize that neurodevelopmental maturation indicators will be systematically and significantly correlated to behavioral indicators of psychological dysregulation and parental alcohol use disorders. Anticipating the utilization of these data in a larger study, we predict that the maturation of these neural structures and circuits will be adversely affected by adolescent alcohol exposure. The study will also consider environmental and genetic factors. In addition to demographic characteristics, environmental influences considered will include parent involvement, traumatic experiences, and neighborhood context. The project will collect DNA for studies of genetic polymorphisms associated with neurobiological endophenotypes and alcohol involvement trajectories. The R21 data collection will provide sufficient data to determine relationships among neurodevelopmental maturation in early adolescence, psychological dysregulaiton and AUD risk. In addition to providing the initial cohorts for a definitive study on the effects of alcohol exposure on adolescent brain development, the R21 project will facilitate the refinement of recruitment procedures and will collect data needed for statistical power calculations and sample size estimates. Project Narrative: This R21 project will initiate a study to determine the effects of alcohol exposure on adolescent brain development. The study will involve a representative sample of 160 adolescents in an accelerated longitudinal design examining ages 12 through 18 years. Neural circuits known to be involved in psychological regulation and reward responses are hypothesized to be particularly vulnerable to alcohol effects and will be assessed with innovative neuroimaging methods.

描述（由申请人提供）：此R21申请响应RFA-AA-07-006，提议启动一个项目，以确定酒精暴露在青春期期间对发育中的大脑的影响。该研究研究了在青春期积极发展的大脑区域，涉及心理调节，对奖励的反应，被认为容易受到酒精暴露的不饱和症状，并通过当代神经影像技术进行评估。将使用加速的纵向设计。将确定，招募和筛选代表性的社区样本，并将选择160名青少年的分层样本。主题分层将基于年龄，性别和种族。在开始饮酒之前，将招募很大一部分样品，我们先前使用类似方法的纵向研究表明，该样品将显示出饮酒轨迹的足够可变性，以实现该研究。神经发育评估将集中于结构和电路，这些结构和电路对心理调节和对奖励的反应，包括前额叶皮层，杏仁核，海马和腹侧纹状体以及相关的白色母校。 The project will specifically examine the organization of white matter areas serving the frontal cortex by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), prefrontal and amygdalar activation by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during tasks involving emotional responses to affectively-laden faces, regional activation to a task requiring inhibition of pre-potent oculomotor responses in an anti-saccade task, and responses系统上多样化的奖励意外事件。所测量的心理失调结构将包括控制范围，负面情绪和执行认知功能。我们假设神经发育成熟指标将系统地且显着与心理失调和父母酒精使用障碍的行为指标显着相关。在一项较大的研究中，预计这些数据的利用情况，我们预测这些神经结构和电路的成熟将受到青少年酒精暴露的不利影响。该研究还将考虑环境和遗传因素。除了人口特征外，考虑的环境影响还将包括父母的参与，创伤经历和邻里环境。该项目将收集DNA，以研究与神经生物学内表型和酒精参与轨迹相关的遗传多态性。 R21数据收集将提供足够的数据，以确定青春期早期，心理障碍和AUD风险的神经发育成熟之间的关系。除了为酒精暴露对青少年脑发育的影响提供最终研究外，R21项目还将促进募集程序的完善，并将收集用于统计功率计算和样本量估计所需的数据。 项目叙述：这个R21项目将启动一项研究，以确定酒精暴露对青少年脑发育的影响。这项研究将涉及160名青少年的代表性样本，该样本在纵向设计中，研究了12至18岁。假设已知参与心理调节和奖励反应的神经回路特别容易受到酒精效应的影响，并将通过创新的神经影像学方法进行评估。