Intrinsic Plasticity in Oscillatory Neural Networks

振荡神经网络的内在可塑性

• 批准号: 7224817
• 负责人: EVE E MARDER
• 金额: $ 32.58万
• 依托单位: BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-04-01 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7224817
• 关键词: Animals; Beds; Biological Neural Networks; Cells; Chromosome Pairing; Classification; Crustacea; Data; Databases; Facility Construction Funding Category; Failure; Feedback; Fire - disasters; Funding; Ganglia; Grant; Homeostasis; Hour; In Vitro; Ion Channel; Measurable; Measurement; Measures; Membrane; Mental disorders; Modeling; Motor; Motor output; Myxoid cyst; Nature; Nervous system structure; Neurons; Numbers; Output; Pattern; Performance; Preparation; Procedures; Process; Property; Proteins; Range; Recovery; Recovery of Function; Regulation; Research; Signal Transduction; Synapses; Synaptic Receptors; Synaptic Transmission; Testing; Variant; Week; Work; base; computer studies; day; in vivo; mathematical model; nervous system disorder; network models; neuron component; novel; receptor; research study; self assembly

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Neuronal networks must maintain constant performance for many years despite the fact that the ion channels and receptors that control excitability and synaptic transmission turn over in the membrane in hours, days, or weeks. Some neurological disorders and mental illnesses can be viewed as failures of network homeostasis, and therefore it becomes crucial to understand how stable network function is achieved over the lifetime of an animal. This proposal consists of combined experimental and computational work to ask whether network homeostasis can arise from cell autonomous regulation, or to what extent correlated activity measures or global feedback rules are required to maintain stable network function. The pyloric network of the crustacean stomatogastric nervous system is an ideal test-bed for these studies because the pyloric rhythm provides an easily measurable set of motor output patterns, its fictive motor patterns recorded in vitro resemble closely the motor patterns seen in vivo, and because a great deal is known about the identity of the neurons and their synaptic interactions. The proposed work will test the hypothesis that there is more animal-to-animal variance in the properties of single neurons and their synaptic connections than is found in the network output, because multiple combinations of synaptic strengths and intrinsic properties can be used by different animals to produce similar motor patterns. The proposed work includes quantitative analyses of pyloric motor patterns in vivo and in vitro, quantitative measurements of the intrinsic firing properties of single neurons, and quantitative measurements of synaptic strengths. Additionally it includes construction and analysis of databases of model neurons and model pyloric networks and computational studies of the tuning rules required to achieve network homeostasis.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管控制兴奋性和突触传递的离子通道和受体会在数小时、数天或数周内在膜中翻转，但神经元网络必须在多年内保持恒定的性能。一些神经系统疾病和精神疾病可以被视为网络稳态的失败，因此了解动物一生中如何实现稳定的网络功能变得至关重要。该提案包括实验和计算相结合的工作，以询问网络稳态是否可以由细胞自主调节引起，或者在多大程度上需要相关活动测量或全局反馈规则来维持稳定的网络功能。甲壳动物口胃神经系统的幽门网络是这些研究的理想试验台，因为幽门节律提供了一组易于测量的运动输出模式，其体外记录的虚构运动模式与体内观察到的运动模式非常相似，并且因为关于神经元的身份及其突触相互作用，人们已经了解很多。拟议的工作将测试以下假设：单个神经元及其突触连接的属性在动物之间的差异比网络输出中发现的差异更大，因为不同的动物可以使用突触强度和内在属性的多种组合产生类似的运动模式。拟议的工作包括体内和体外幽门运动模式的定量分析、单个神经元内在放电特性的定量测量以及突触强度的定量测量。此外，它还包括模型神经元和模型幽门网络数据库的构建和分析，以及实现网络稳态所需的调整规则的计算研究。