NeuronBank: Database for Identified Neurons and Synaptic

NeuronBank：已识别神经元和突触的数据库

• 批准号: 7070175
• 负责人: Paul S Katz
• 金额: $ 13.1万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-03-15 至 2008-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7070175
• 关键词: Aplysia; Internet; Mollusca; bioinformatics; cell population study; classification; computer simulation; computer system design /evaluation; electrophysiology; ganglions; molecular /cellular imaging; neuroanatomy; neurons; neurophysiology; synapses; three dimensional imaging /topography

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although nervous systems contain staggering numbers of neurons, it is possible to use electrophysiological, morphological, and molecular markers to classify neurons. Classification can become specific enough, especially in invertebrates, to identify individual neurons and map distinct neural circuits. Classifying neurons and mapping circuits is extremely valuable for neuroscience, as it elucidates the fundamental structure of the nervous system, providing a framework for understanding brain dysfunction. Unfortunately, progress is slow, as the work is tedious and there is no standard way to represent, store, and analyze the neuron types and wiring diagrams that emerge from these efforts. To help improve progress this project will develop NeuronBank, a public, on-line database of identified neurons and their synaptic connections that will serve as an important knowledge source and a novel informatics tool for the identification of new neuron types. Through collaboration between neuroscientists and computer scientists, a prototype NeuronBank will be developed that supports rich, flexible descriptions of identified neurons, allows features important to identification to be flagged, and provides source information and citable accession numbers. To facilitate further circuit mapping, NeuronBank will have facilities for comparing new observations to known cell types and suggesting diagnostics for determining if the cell is novel. NeuronBank will also feature an innovative 3-D visualization system to intuitively represent neuron location. The implementation will allow additional NeuronBank databases to be installed and modified easily by other researchers, enabling the evolution of a federation of databases uniting broad data sets. To road- test the prototype, NeuronBank will be stocked with large data sets from the molluscs Tritonia diomedea and Aplysia californica, both important model systems for motor pattern generation, learning, and memory. NeuronBank will then be used as an informatics tool to explore these systems for new neuron types. This proposal serves the purposes of PAR-03-036 (Innovative exploratory studies and technology development in Neuroinformatics Research) in several ways. It develops a new database and tools for neuroinformatics research. It is likely to have a high impact on future neuroscience research as it implements a unique neuroinformatics approach to neuron identification and neural circuit analysis.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管神经系统包含数量惊人的神经元，但可以使用电生理学、形态学和分子标记来对神经元进行分类。 分类可以变得足够具体，尤其是在无脊椎动物中，以识别单个神经元并绘制不同的神经回路。 对神经元进行分类和绘制电路图对于神经科学非常有价值，因为它阐明了神经系统的基本结构，为理解大脑功能障碍提供了框架。 不幸的是，进展缓慢，因为工作很乏味，并且没有标准方法来表示、存储和分析这些工作中产生的神经元类型和接线图。 为了帮助提高进展，该项目将开发 NeuronBank，这是一个已识别神经元及其突触连接的公共在线数据库，它将作为识别新神经元类型的重要知识来源和新颖的信息学工具。 通过神经科学家和计算机科学家之间的合作，将开发一个原型 NeuronBank，它支持对已识别神经元的丰富、灵活的描述，允许标记对识别重要的特征，并提供源信息和可引用的登录号。 为了促进进一步的电路图绘制，NeuronBank 将拥有将新观察结果与已知细胞类型进行比较的设施，并提出诊断以确定细胞是否是新颖的。 NeuronBank 还将采用创新的 3D 可视化系统来直观地表示神经元位置。 该实施将使其他研究人员能够轻松安装和修改额外的 NeuronBank 数据库，从而实现联合广泛数据集的数据库联盟的发展。 为了对原型进行道路测试，NeuronBank 将储存来自软体动物 Tritonia diomedea 和 Aplysia californica 的大量数据集，这两种动物都是运动模式生成、学习和记忆的重要模型系统。 然后，NeuronBank 将用作信息学工具来探索这些系统中的新神经元类型。 该提案以多种方式服务于 PAR-03-036（神经信息学研究的创新探索性研究和技术开发）的目的。 它为神经信息学研究开发了新的数据库和工具。 它可能对未来的神经科学研究产生重大影响，因为它采用了独特的神经信息学方法来进行神经元识别和神经回路分析。