Development of HBMIM model for 3D automatic monitoring of heritage buildings

文物建筑3D自动监测HBMIM模型开发

• 批准号: 2906684
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Liverpool
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2906684
• 关键词: Development; HBMIM; model; 3D; automatic

Abstract The conservation and preservation of heritage buildings has not only been an issue to the UK but to other countries, where historical legacy is embedded and accumulated into buildings or sites that play an important role in keeping up with a national value. Preserving historic buildings or sites is not always as simple as reparation works being carried out for the buildings. It is vital to understanding how it was constructed and what construction methods were used prior to determining the methodological approach to the restoration of them when needed. In addition, interrogating the properties of material used to construct the buildings is also important as it should be noted that buildings are not just static but also responds to what surrounds them; air movement, physical forces, weather, temperature, expansion and contraction, variation of ground conditions and so on.None of heritage buildings are the same in terms of age, use, construction methods, material, architectural styles, significance and accessibility. Many of them lack written records which wouldhave been a good tool to maintaining them to a healthy standard. It has become essential to acquire and build up as many data as possible, which can be used to find out a best way of monitoring and preserving heritage buildings.The question is how the data can be obtained, coordinated and ultimately stored in a system which in return can be used for monitoring and preserving historic buildings.Installing physical sensors is not an ideal solution any longer as more values have been put on the significance of appearances of heritage buildings. Hence, various imaging techniques that can realize three-dimensional shapes remotely or without physical presence of sensors will need to be in place. 3D laser scanning and imaging capture process are a well-developed technology to be used in this study, realising the detailed 3D shape of the Heritage Building as well as the detailed shape of the Heritage Buildings. These three-dimensional digital imaging techniques can be used for non-contact monitoring as well as restoration in the event of damage to heritage buildingsContext & Research MethodsA building itself needs to be realised not in a 2D but a 3D form to be able to monitor any deformation, movement or damages caused by various reasons. Identifying the causes would be the first step to take. A laser scanning system is necessary to realise the three-dimensional shape of the heritage building with high accuracy. It is noted that the research group in University of Liverpool has the FARO S+150 scanner, which can provide the most important data for building the HBMIM model in this study. It also make it possible to measure the dynamic behaviour of a heritage building along with the use ofa camera capable of supplementing the technology. A three-dimensional point cloud obtained by laser scanning, three-dimensional thermography obtained by an infrared thermal camera, and a three-dimensional digital image obtained by a drone will be the raw data used in this project. The data will form a basis to develop a platform that can monitor and detect deformation taking place in various areas in heritage buildings.A building is vulnerable to forces affecting its standing and resistance to them often brings back damages to itself. There was a research carried out by a group of researchers including the nominated supervisor, Dr. Seo about "Deformation measurement of a soil mixing retaining wall using terrestrial laser scanning". It aimed at monitoring lateral movement of the ground against retaining walls. Lateral deformations were monitored regularly by laser scanning and the spatial data of a large area were acquired at fine resolutions. This paper attempted to apply the laser scanningtechnology to measure the lateral deformations of a soil mixing retaining wall at an excavation site in construct

摘要 遗产建筑的保护和保存不仅是英国的问题，也是其他国家的问题，历史遗产被嵌入和积累到建筑物或遗址中，在保持国家价值方面发挥着重要作用。保护历史建筑或遗址并不总是像对建筑物进行修复工程那么简单。在确定需要修复的方法之前，了解其建造方式以及使用的施工方法至关重要。此外，询问用于建造建筑物的材料的特性也很重要，因为应该注意的是，建筑物不仅是静态的，而且还会对其周围的事物做出反应；空气流动、物理力、天气、温度、膨胀和收缩、地面条件的变化等等。没有一个遗产建筑在年龄、用途、建造方法、材料、建筑风格、意义和可达性方面是相同的。他们中的许多人缺乏书面记录，而书面记录本来是保持健康标准的好工具。获取和建立尽可能多的数据已变得至关重要，这些数据可用于找出监测和保护遗产建筑的最佳方法。问题是如何获取、协调并最终将数据存储在一个系统中作为回报，可以用于监测和保护历史建筑。随着人们越来越重视历史建筑外观的重要性，安装物理传感器不再是理想的解决方案。因此，需要采用可以远程或无需物理存在传感器的情况下实现三维形状的各种成像技术。 3D激光扫描和成像捕获过程是本研究中使用的成熟技术，实现了遗产建筑的详细3D形状以及遗产建筑的详细形状。这些三维数字成像技术可用于非接触式监测以及遗产建筑受损时的修复。背景和研究方法建筑物本身需要不是以 2D 形式而是以 3D 形式实现，以便能够监测任何建筑物。由于各种原因造成的变形、移动或损坏。找出原因是第一步。要高精度地实现遗产建筑的三维形状，需要激光扫描系统。值得注意的是，利物浦大学研究小组拥有FARO S+150扫描仪，可以为本研究构建HBMIM模型提供最重要的数据。它还可以通过使用能够补充该技术的相机来测量遗产建筑的动态行为。激光扫描获得的三维点云、红外热像仪获得的三维热成像以及无人机获得的三维数字图像将成为本项目使用的原始数据。这些数据将成为开发一个平台的基础，该平台可以监测和检测遗产建筑各个区域发生的变形。建筑物很容易受到影响其站立的力量的影响，而抵抗这些力量往往会给自身带来损害。包括提名导师 Seo 博士在内的一组研究人员进行了一项关于“使用地面激光扫描测量土壤混合挡土墙的变形”的研究。它的目的是监测地面相对挡土墙的横向运动。通过激光扫描定期监测横向变形，并以高分辨率获取大面积的空间数据。本文尝试应用激光扫描技术测量施工开挖现场土拌土挡土墙的横向变形。