Examining the Effect of Childhood Individual and Contextual Risk Factors on Violence Use and Experience at Early Adulthood (18-21 years)

检查童年个体和背景风险因素对成年早期（18-21 岁）暴力使用和经历的影响

• 批准号: 2901103
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2901103
• 关键词: Examining; Effect; Childhood; Individual; Contextual

Violence against children is a human rights and public health concern affecting an estimated 1 billion children globally (Hillis et al., 2016). Contexts at home and in school shape both children's experiences of violence and may also affect how children's experiences of violence affect them. Children's individual factors and contexts are dynamic and are likely to shape their experiences and impacts of violence (Rada, 2014; Rodrigues et al., 2022). Household factors like single-parent headed, witnessing violence, mental health status of parent are likely influence sexual violence or physical violence perpetration or victimization at early adulthood (Rada, 2014). School attendance over time is likely to reduce exposure to violence during adolescence and the likely effects of violence during early adulthood (Rada, 2014). Schools and households are promising entry points for VAC prevention. This study aims to generate evidence to explore changes in violence experiences over W1 & 2 and their associations with physical & sexual violence; and mental health outcomes at early adulthood (W3). Objective 1: To examine individual risk factors associated with physical and sexual violence experience and use at early adulthood (W3)What individual factors (W1) are associated with physical and sexual violence use & experience at late adolescence and early adulthood (W3)?Objective 2: To determine the associations between violence exposure during adolescence (11-14 years) and violence experience and use at early adulthood (18-21 years)1.Is there a difference in physical and sexual violence experience (W3) and use among young adults following different exposure patterns to violence at W1 & W2?2.Is the severity of violence experienced during early adolescence associated with physical and sexual violence use and experience at early adulthood? 3.Is the association between violence exposure at early adolescence (W1) and early adulthood (W3) violence experience and use affected by disability status and sex of the adolescent?4.Is there an association between type of perpetrator (W1 & W2) and experience and use of violence at early adulthood (W3)?Objective 3: To measure the influence of family and school contexts on the effect of childhood exposure to violence at adulthood1.How does family/school context affect the association between experience of violence at adolescence and experience (W1) and use of physical and sexual violence at early adulthood (W3)?2.Are positive family/school contexts protective against negative effects of violence at early adulthood?3.How does family/school context affect the association between experience of violence at adolescence (W1) and mental health outcomes at early adulthood (W3)?The researcher shall conduct longitudinal data analysis using the COVAC dataset which is comprised of 3,431 adolescents followed over 3 time points: W1 in 2014, W2 in 2018 and W3 in 2021. 3,820 adolescents were recruited at W1 & 90% accepted to be followed up. Exposure shall be obtained from W1 & W2. Multivariable modelling shall be conducted to measure the association between childhood exposure to violence and physical and sexual violence use and experience at early adulthood. Project alignment to the MRC's strategy and core skillsThis proposed project will directly contribute to VAC program design and policy discourse especially in making our schools, homes and communities safer for children in Uganda. The project will equip me to conduct rigorous & independent violence research.It provides an opportunity for me to acquire skills in conceptualization, analysis and reporting of violence use and experience. Through support from the experienced researchers, I will build a support network to enable me successfully complete this PhD and explore opportunities for research collaboration. The skills I will acquire from this program shall contribute to reducing the current gap in the number of locally available experts wi

针对儿童的暴力是一个人权和公共卫生问题，影响着全球约 10 亿儿童（Hillis 等，2016）。家庭和学校的环境既影响儿童的暴力经历，也可能影响儿童的暴力经历如何影响他们。儿童的个人因素和环境是动态的，可能会影响他们的暴力经历和影响（Rada，2014；Rodrigues 等，2022）。单亲家庭、目睹暴力、父母的心理健康状况等家庭因素可能会影响成年早期的性暴力或身体暴力实施或受害（Rada，2014）。随着时间的推移，上学可能会减少青少年时期遭受暴力的机会以及成年早期暴力的可能影响（Rada，2014）。学校和家庭是预防 VAC 的有前途的切入点。本研究旨在提供证据来探索第一周和第二周暴力经历的变化及其与身体暴力和性暴力的关系；和成年早期的心理健康结果（W3）。目标 1：检查与成年早期 (W3) 的身体暴力和性暴力经历和使用相关的个人风险因素哪些个人因素 (W1) 与青春期末期和成年早期 (W3) 的身体暴力和性暴力使用和经历相关？ 目标2：确定青春期（11-14岁）暴力暴露与成年早期（18-21岁）暴力经历和使用之间的关联1.身体暴力和性暴力经历（W3）和使用是否存在差异在 W1 和 W2 中遵循不同暴力暴露模式的年轻人的调查结果？2.青春期早期经历的暴力严重程度是否与成年早期身体和性暴力的使用和经历相关？ 3. 青春期早期 (W1) 和成年早期 (W3) 暴力经历和使用之间的关联是否受到青少年残疾状况和性别的影响？ 4. 施暴者类型 (W1 和 W2) 与暴力经历和使用之间是否存在关联？成年早期遭受暴力的经历和使用（W3）？目标 3：衡量家庭和学校环境对儿童成年后接触暴力的影响1。家庭/学校环境如何影响成年早期暴力经历之间的关联青春期和经历（W1）以及成年早期身体暴力和性暴力的使用（W3）？2.积极的家庭/学校环境是否可以防止成年早期暴力的负面影响？3.家庭/学校环境如何影响两者之间的关联？青春期的暴力经历 (W1) 和成年早期的心理健康结果 (W3)？研究人员应使用 COVAC 数据集进行纵向数据分析，该数据集由 3,431 名青少年组成，跟踪超过 3 个时间点：W1 2014 年、2018 年第二周和 2021 年第三周。第一周招募了 3,820 名青少年，90% 的人接受随访。曝光量应从 W1 和 W2 获得。应进行多变量建模，以衡量儿童时期遭受暴力的情况与成年早期身体暴力和性暴力的使用和经历之间的关联。项目与 MRC 的战略和核心技能保持一致本拟议项目将直接有助于 VAC 计划设计和政策讨论，特别是使乌干达儿童的学校、家庭和社区更加安全。该项目将使我能够进行严格和独立的暴力研究。它为我提供了获得暴力使用和经验的概念化、分析和报告技能的机会。通过经验丰富的研究人员的支持，我将建立一个支持网络，使我能够成功完成这个博士学位并探索研究合作的机会。我将从该计划中获得的技能将有助于缩小当前当地可用专家数量的差距