Rapid Sampling for Resistant S. Pneumonaie in Guatemala

危地马拉耐药性肺炎链球菌快速采样

• 批准号: 7122476
• 负责人: ERICA LYNN DUEGER
• 金额: $ 10.85万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-30 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7122476
• 关键词: Guatemala; Hispanic Americans; Streptococcus pneumoniae; antibiotics; child (0-11); clinical research; drug resistance; human subject; penicillins; questionnaires; respiratory infections; viral vaccines; virus protein

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this International Research Scientist Development Award is to provide Erica L. Dueger, DVM, PhD with a period of protected time for training and mentored research that will prepare her to pursue an independent career in international public health. Dr. Dueger is an assistant scientist at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (JHSPH) in the Department of International Health and is currently conducting field research on the epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae at the Centro de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades (CECEN) at the Universidad del Valle de Guatemala. The candidate' s long-term goal is to contribute to the improvement of global health through research and policy development in infectious diseases and vaccinology. Following completion of this mentored research project and training period, Dr. Dueger will be positioned to compete successfully for NIH individual investigator funding and effectively and independently conduct collaborative, interdisciplinary research projects in disease surveillance and vaccinology worldwide. Through this grant, the candidate aims to develop a base of skills and knowledge that are critical to conducting large scale, community-based surveillance research and vaccine trials. Her goals are 1) to develop skills necessary to successfully transition from veterinary-focused research to international human public health research; 2) to obtain training in laboratory techniques, quality control assurance, Good Laboratory and Clinical Practices (GLP and GCP), and geographical information systems; 3) to develop grant writing skills; 4) to obtain fluency in Spanish; and 4) to gain practical experience in the conduct of population-based research in the developing world, particularly in the areas of infectious disease surveillance and vaccine trials. She plans to achieve these goals through a combination of coursework, intensive laboratory training, conferences and workshops, conversational Spanish classes, and a mentored research project. The primary objective for this application is to define the community prevalence of penicillin non-susceptible S. pneumoniae (PRSP) and to evaluate the impact of a protein-based vaccine on nasopharyngeal carriage of this organism. We will evaluate the feasibility of using lot quality assurance sampling (LQAS) methods to identify clusters of high PRSP prevalence and we will compare the prevalence and geographic distribution of PRSP in children < 2 years of age from different urban socio-economic strata with rural areas of Guatemala. This will be accomplished by a series of cross-sectional surveys of nasopharyngeal samples in target socio-economic groups using both stratified random sampling and LQAS. The proposed project will take advantage of the infrastructure created by a large ongoing outpatient surveillance study at CECEN evaluating the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in Guatemala City, as well as a CECEN Phase II clinical trial to evaluate a protein based S. pneumoniae vaccine in infants. In the latter part of the award, the proposal will test the feasibility of using LQAS sampling methodologies to determine prevalence of PRSP from selected urban zones and rural departments of Guatemala. The study will provide crucial information for the development of models for community transmission dynamics of drug-resistant S. pneumoniae in Guatemala. These models and study methods will be used to identify intervention points for at risk populations and to evaluate strategies, including vaccines, for the control of PRSP. As such, this proposal addresses an emerging and rapidly increasing public health problem in many developing countries, including Guatemala.

描述（由申请人提供）：该国际研究科学家发展奖的目的是为Erica L. Dueger，DVM博士提供一段时间的受保护时间进行培训和指导研究，这将使她为从事国际公共卫生的独立职业做好准备。 Dueger博士是国际卫生部约翰·霍普金斯彭博公共卫生学院（JHSPH）的助理科学家，目前正在对Contro y De Enfermedades（Cecen）的Del valle del Valle Valle Deatemala的Centro De Enfermedades（Cecen）的链球菌肺炎链球菌流行病学进行现场研究。候选人的长期目标是通过传染病和疫苗学的研究和政策发展为全球健康的改善做出贡献。在完成了这一指导研究项目和培训期之后，Dueger博士将在全球范围内成功，有效，独立地进行疾病监视和疫苗学方面的合作，跨学科研究项目，以成功地为NIH的个人调查员资金竞争。通过这笔赠款，候选人旨在建立技能和知识基础，这对于进行大规模的，基于社区的监视研究和疫苗试验至关重要。她的目标是1）发展从以兽医为中心的研究过渡到国际人类公共卫生研究所必需的技能； 2）获得实验室技术，质量控制保证，良好的实验室和临床实践（GLP和GCP）以及地理信息系统的培训； 3）发展赠款写作技巧； 4）以西班牙语获得流利度； 4）在发展中国家，特别是在传染病监测和疫苗试验领域中获得基于人群的研究的实践经验。她计划通过课程工作，强化实验室培训，会议和讲习班，对话西班牙语课程以及指导的研究项目的结合来实现这些目标。该应用的主要目的是确定青霉素不敏感的肺炎链球菌（PRSP）的社区流行，并评估基于蛋白质的疫苗对这种生物体鼻咽运输的影响。我们将评估使用批次质量保证抽样（LQAS）方法来识别高PRSP患病率的群集的可行性，我们将比较来自不同城市社会经济阶层的儿童中PRSP的普遍性和地理分布与危地马拉的农村地区。这将通过使用分层随机抽样和LQA的目标社会经济群中的鼻咽样品对鼻咽样品进行一系列横截面调查来实现。拟议的项目将利用CECEN的一项大型持续门诊监视研究所创造的基础设施，评估危地马拉市侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病的发生率以及CECEN II期临床试验，以评估一项蛋白质基于蛋白质的肺炎链球菌疫苗。在该奖项的后期，该提案将测试使用LQAS采样方法来确定危地马拉选定城市区和农村部门的PRSP患病率的可行性。该研究将为开发危地马拉的耐药性肺炎链球菌的社区传播动态模型提供关键信息。这些模型和研究方法将用于识别AT风险人群的干预点，并评估包括疫苗在内的PRSP的策略。因此，该提案解决了包括危地马拉在内的许多发展中国家的新兴和迅速增加的公共卫生问题。

项目成果

Culture- and antigen-negative meningitis in Guatemalan children.

危地马拉儿童的培养和抗原阴性脑膜炎。

• DOI: 10.1590/s1020-49892008001000004
• 发表时间: 2008
• 期刊: Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health
• 作者: Dueger,EricaL;Asturias,EdwinJ;Halsey,NealA;GuatemalaPediatricBacterialSurveillanceWorkingGroup
• 通讯作者: GuatemalaPediatricBacterialSurveillanceWorkingGroup