Modelling of advanced photovoltaic devices

先进光伏器件建模

• 批准号: 2887640
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2887640
• 关键词: Modelling; advanced; photovoltaic; devices

To move to a low-carbon future and avoid the worst effects of anthropogenic climate change, continuing reductions in the cost of renewable energy are required. Advanced tandem photovoltaic devices have emerged as key to achieving improvements in the efficiency of solar panels. Unlike traditional single-junction solar cells, which have one semiconductor material to absorb light, tandem solar cells consist of multiple semiconductor layers stacked on top of each other, each with a different bandgap. This allows them to absorb a wider portion of the sunlight which enables a much higher efficiency potential. Improvements in efficiency are crucial in reducing the price of solar electricity and will thus impact the deployment of this important renewable energy technology. The aim of this project is to develop new simulation techniques with the potential to advance the understanding of tandem solar cell devices. In particular, new simulation models are required to overcome the drawbacks of conventional single-junction solar cells where only a one semiconductor is evaluated. This project will extend the current modelling formalisms to a tandem architecture that captures the complexity of charge flow and losses in multijunction solar cell architectures, as well as ionic processes inside perovskite absorbers. Developing device models for tandem solar cells is a complex task that requires a deep understanding of the underlying physics and materials involved. This includes information such as the electrical properties of the semiconductors, such as bandgap, carrier mobility, carrier lifetime, and absorption coefficients. Understanding how light interacts with the materials is also crucial. The developed models should account for the absorption and reflection of incident light at each layer of the tandem, as well as the generation and recombination of electron-hole pairs (energetic charge carriers). The models will incorporate the electrical behaviour of the device, including the formation of built-in electric fields, charge transport, and extraction of generated carriers. This often involves solving semiconductor transport equations like the drift-diffusion or continuity equations. Most importantly, the tandem solar cells involve multiple semiconductor layers, and the interfaces between these layers can significantly impact device performance. Models should account for interface states, charge recombination, and band alignment at these interfaces. For validation, this project will involve electrical and optical characterisation of perovskite-silicon manufactured by our project partners (Oxford Physics and Oxford Photovoltaics), which can then be used to inform the development of finite element-based computer models to understand and optimise tandem solar cell devices. Overall, this work can impact the development of next-generation silicon-based photovoltaics and reduce the cost of solar energy.This project falls within the EPSRC Energy Solar Technology and Optoelectronic Devices and Circuits research areas.

为了转向低碳未来并避免人为气候变化的最坏影响，需要继续降低可再生能源的成本。先进的串联光伏设备已成为实现太阳能电池板效率提高的关键。与传统的单连接太阳能电池（具有一个半导体材料吸收光线的太阳能电池）不同，串联太阳能电池由多个彼此堆叠的多个半导体层组成，每个层都带有不同的带隙。这使他们能够吸收更大的阳光，从而使效率更高。效率的提高对于降低太阳能价格至关重要，因此将影响这种重要的可再生能源技术的部署。该项目的目的是开发新的仿真技术，以提高对串联太阳能电池设备的理解。特别是，需要新的仿真模型来克服仅评估一个半导体的常规单连接太阳能电池的缺点。该项目将将当前的建模形式主义扩展到一个串联体系结构，该构造捕获了电荷流的复杂性和多期太阳能电池架构中的损失，以及钙钛矿吸收器内部的离子过程。开发串联太阳能电池的设备模型是一项复杂的任务，需要深入了解所涉及的基本物理和材料。这包括诸如半导体的电气特性之类的信息，例如带隙，载体迁移率，载体寿命和吸收系数。了解光与材料的相互作用方式也至关重要。开发的模型应考虑到串联每一层的入射光的吸收和反射，以及电子孔对的产生和重组（能量荷载体）。这些模型将结合设备的电气行为，包括内置电场的形成，电荷传输和生成的载体的提取。这通常涉及求解半导体传输方程，例如漂移扩散或连续性方程。最重要的是，串联太阳能电池涉及多个半导体层，这些层之间的界面会显着影响设备性能。模型应考虑到这些接口处的接口状态，电荷重组和频带对齐。为了进行验证，该项目将涉及由我们的项目合作伙伴（牛津物理学和牛津光伏）制造的钙钛矿 - 硅质的电气和光学表征，然后可以使用该材料来告知有限元的计算机模型的开发，以理解和优化串联太阳能太阳能太阳能细胞设备。总体而言，这项工作可能会影响下一代硅的光伏开发并降低太阳能的成本。该项目属于EPSRC能源太阳能技术和光电设备和电路研究领域。