Dynamics of Population Activity in Visual Cortex

视觉皮层群体活动的动态

• 批准号: 7275289
• 负责人: MATTEO CARANDINI
• 金额: $ 42.22万
• 依托单位: SMITH-KETTLEWELL EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7275289
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Architecture; Area; Cerebral cortex; Depth; Disease; Dyes; Epilepsy; Exposure to; Feedback; Felis catus; Functional disorder; Goals; Health; Image; Individual; Knowledge; Laboratories; Location; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Mexican; Migraine; Mission; Modeling; National Eye Institute; Neurons; Noise; Numbers; Pathology; Pattern; Photic Stimulation; Population; Population Dynamics; Positioning Attribute; Prevalence; Principal Investigator; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Role; Signal Transduction; Source; Space Perception; Stimulus; Sum; Surface; Testing; Thinking; Time; Travel; Tweens; V1 neuron; Visual Cortex; Visual system structure; Work; area striata; base; improved; orientation selectivity; programs; receptive field; response; statistics; stem; visual adaptation; voltage

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The visual cortex is widely held to represent stimulus attributes through the activity of neuronal populations. Goal of this research is to measure these population responses, and in particular to establish how they develop in time (their dynamics). Population responses will be recorded in primary visual cortex (V1) through imaging of voltage-sensitive dyes (VSD). VSD imaging delivers excellent resolution in space and time. These measurements will test the predictions of three basic architectures that have been hypothesized for the circuitry of V1: feedforward, feedback-sharpening, and feedback-broadening. These architectures could coexist and serve different roles, e.g. one could underlie selectivity for stimulus position and another could underlie selectivity for stimulus position. Aim 1: Dynamics of stimulus selectivity. The three architectures make distinct predictions for how the selectivity of population activity evolves during a response. These predictions will be tested through VSD imaging. Aim 2: Functional connectivity. The three architectures involve different layouts of excitatory and inhibitory connections. These layouts will be probed through cross-correlation of VSD signals, extending to populations a method commonly used with single neurons. Aim 3: Adaptation of stimulus selectivity. The three architectures make distinct predictions regarding the effects of visual adaptation. These predictions will be tested through VSD imaging of population responses. Aim 4: Dynamics of ongoing activity. A feedback architecture with strong intracortical connections creates quasi-stable patterns of activity (attractors). The existence of these attractors will be tested by VSD imaging responses to a variety of stimuli, including stimuli whose orientation is ambiguous. Understanding population responses in visual cortex is a key step to advance our knowledge of how the visual system functions in health and disease, a goal at the core of the mission of the National Eye Institute. Relevance: Understanding the working of primary visual cortex will benefit the understanding of the whole cortex, and therefore help develop treatments for pathologies that stem from cortical dysfunction, including epilepsy and migraine. Indeed, the cerebral cortex is widely held to be organized according to a limited number of functional principles, and these principles are best studied in an area that we understand in depth.

描述（由申请人提供）：视觉皮层被广泛持有以通过神经元种群的活性来表示刺激属性。这项研究的目标是衡量这些人群的反应，特别是确定它们如何在及时发展（动态）。人口反应将通过对电压敏感染料（VSD）的成像记录在初级视觉皮层（V1）中。 VSD成像在时空上提供了出色的分辨率。这些测量结果将测试已在V1电路的三个基本体系结构的预测：进料，反馈 - 转换和反馈 - 跨越。这些架构可以共存并扮演不同的角色，例如一个人可以选择刺激位置的选择性，而另一个人可以选择刺激位置的选择性。目标1：刺激选择性的动力学。这三个体系结构对响应过程中种群活动的选择性如何发展做出了不同的预测。这些预测将通过VSD成像测试。目标2：功能连接。这三个体系结构涉及不同的兴奋性和抑制性连接的布局。这些布局将通过VSD信号的互相关来探测，从而扩展到一种通常与单个神经元一起使用的方法。目标3：适应刺激选择性。这三个体系结构对视觉适应的影响做出了不同的预测。这些预测将通过对种群反应的VSD成像进行测试。目标4：正在进行的活动的动态。具有牢固心脏连接的反馈体系结构会产生准稳定的活动模式（吸引子）。这些吸引子的存在将通过对各种刺激的VSD成像响应进行测试，包括刺激的刺激。了解视觉皮层中的人群反应是促进我们了解视觉系统如何在健康和疾病中发挥作用的关键步骤，这是国家眼科研究所任务的核心。相关性：理解主要视觉皮层的工作将有益于对整个皮质的理解，因此有助于开发出因皮质功能障碍（包括癫痫和偏头痛）的病理学的治疗方法。实际上，大脑皮层被广泛认为是根据有限数量的功能原则组织的，并且最好在我们深入了解的区域中研究这些原理。