fMRI of Working Memory in the Schizophrenia Spectrum

精神分裂症谱系中工作记忆的功能磁共振成像

• 批准号: 7223498
• 负责人: Harold W Koenigsberg
• 金额: $ 36.16万
• 依托单位: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-01 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7223498
• 关键词: Activities of Daily Living; Address; Adopted; Affect; Age; Anatomic structures; Anterior; Area; Attenuated; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Brodmann' s area; Cerebellum; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Chiroptera; Clinical; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Cognitive remediation; Complex; Computer information processing; Conceptions; Condition; Data; Defect; Delayed Memory; Delusions; Development; Disease; Disease susceptibility; Elderly; Episodic memory; Family; Frontal gyrus; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Genetic; Goals; Hallucinations; Hand; Head; Honey; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Individual; Lead; Learning; Legal patent; Length; Link; Literature; Localized; Location; Maps; Metabolic; Methods; Middle frontal gyrus structure; Mind; Modeling; Motion; Motor; Motor Cortex; Neuroanatomy; Neurobiology; Neurotransmitters; Numbers; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Pathology; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Pharmacotherapy; Play; Polar Regions; Population; Positron-Emission Tomography; Precentral gyrus; Prefrontal Cortex; Principal Investigator; Problem Solving; Process; Psychopathology; Psychophysiology; Pulvinar structure; Range; Rate; Reaction Time; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Report (document); Reporting; Research; Resources; Retrieval; Role; Sampling; Schizophrenia; Schizotypal Personality Disorder; Severities; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Site; Sorting - Cell Movement; Specific qualifier value; Structure; Structure of superior frontal gyrus; Symptoms; Testing; Thalamic structure; Thinking; Translating; Visuospatial; Walkers; Wisconsin; Work; base; blood oxygen level dependent; cognitive function; desire; executive function; frontal lobe; functional disability; healthy volunteer; human subject; improved; interest; memory process; neurobiological mechanism; neuroimaging; neuropsychological; nonhuman primate; performance tests; phonology; programs; relating to nervous system; response; social; somatosensory

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Schizophrenia is characterized by substantial cognitive impairments which, in addition to compromising the individual's ability to perform essential cognitive functions, contribute to the thought disorder and social maladaptations of schizophrenia. These deficits are less responsive to pharmacotherapy than the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, yet may be even more disabling over the long term. This study takes advantage of a partially overlapping disorder, schizotypal personality disorder (SPD), which shares many genetic, phenomenologic and neuropsychological features with schizophrenia, but is characterized by less severe cognitive impairments and the absence of overt psychotic symptoms, to learn more about the neurobiology of the cognitive impairment in schizophrenia and possible mechanisms that may protect SPD patients from the degree of cognitive dysfunction seen in schizophrenia. Identifying such protective factors could lead to new strategies to improve cognitive functioning in schizophrenia by suggesting new pharmacologic or cognitive remediation approaches. This study uses BOLD functional magnetic resonance imaging to compare regional brain activation between patients with schizophrenia, SPD and healthy control subjects as they carry out a cognitive task utilizing visuospatial working memory (VSWM). By comparing activation in specific regions of interest in the frontal cortex, this study will test the hypothesis that schizophrenic and SPD patients have decreased activation in a region traditionally associated with visuospatial working memory in healthy subjects and that SPD patients but not schizophrenic subjects are able to recruit another frontal region to compensate for the decreased functional activity in the region utilized for VSWM in healthy subjects.

描述（由申请人提供）：精神分裂症的特征是严重的认知障碍，除了损害个体执行基本认知功能的能力外，还会导致精神分裂症的思维障碍和社会适应不良。这些缺陷对药物治疗的反应不如精神分裂症的阳性症状，但从长远来看可能会更加严重。这项研究利用了一种部分重叠的疾病——精神分裂型人格障碍（SPD），它与精神分裂症有许多遗传、现象学和神经心理学特征，但其特点是认知障碍不太严重，并且没有明显的精神病症状，以了解更多关于精神分裂症的信息。精神分裂症认知障碍的神经生物学以及可能保护 SPD 患者免受精神分裂症认知功能障碍程度的可能机制。识别这些保护因素可能会提出新的药理学或认知补救方法，从而产生改善精神分裂症认知功能的新策略。本研究使用 BOLD 功能磁共振成像来比较精神分裂症患者、SPD 患者和健康对照受试者在利用视觉空间工作记忆 (VSWM) 执行认知任务时的区域大脑活动。通过比较额叶皮质中特定感兴趣区域的激活，本研究将检验以下假设：精神分裂症和 SPD 患者传统上与健康受试者的视觉空间工作记忆相关的区域的激活减少，并且 SPD 患者（而非精神分裂症受试者）能够招募另一个额叶区域来补偿健康受试者中用于 VSWM 的区域功能活动的减少。