Molecular Evolution of Eukaryotes: a protistan emphasis

真核生物的分子进化：原生生物的重点

基本信息

批准号：
7141320
负责人：
MITCHELL L SOGIN
金额：
$ 52.46万
依托单位：
MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2003-12-01 至 2008-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7141320
关键词：
Address Affect Animals Appearance Architecture Biochemistry Cell Nucleus Cells Collection Complementary DNA Complex Cytoskeleton Data Data Set Databases Disease Ecology Electron Microscopy Eukaryota Eukaryotic Cell Event Evolution Facility Construction Funding Category Funding Genbank Gene Expression Profile Gene Family Genealogy Genes Genetic Programming Genome Genomics Homologous Gene Horizontal Gene Transfer Ice Libraries Life Life Style Metabolic Methods Modems Molecular Molecular Evolution Organelles Organism Pathogenesis Pattern Phenotype Phylogenetic Analysis Phylogeny Plant Roots Plants Positioning Attribute Process Protista Publishing Recording of previous events Refractory Relative (related person)Shapes Site Taxon Testing Trees United States National Institutes of Health base cDNA Library computer generated environmental change fungus innovation microbial microorganism novel parasitism web-accessible

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Eukaryotes existed exclusively as microorganisms for a minimum of 500,000 to one billion years prior to the evolution of plants, animals and fungi. Understanding the evolutionary history of microbial eukaryotes, especially the protists, is key to understanding the origins of eukaryotes, the emergence of parasitism, and the evolution of this remarkably diverse assemblage into plants, animals, fungi and other recently derived groups. Protists represent an eclectic group of organisms marked by numerous innovations in body plans, ecology, biochemistry, and molecular processes. The transition from prokaryotic life-forms to eukaryotic cellular architecture, and the origins of multi-cellular eukaryotes are rooted in the world of protists. This proposal describes the collection of new molecular data and the construction of a large-scale, multi-gene data set for exploring evolutionary relationships for diverse eukaryotes. Our experimental strategy seeks to capture the diversity of eukaryotes by exploring relationships within major clades, and by placing taxa of uncertain position on genealogies. We will construct normalized cDNA libraries for as many as 30 key protists and sequence 10,000-20,000 cDNA clones from each library. Using computer-generated alignments we will use high-throughput phylogenomics to address the following questions: What is the composition and relative branching order of major eukaryotic lineages? To what extent has lateral gene transfer affected the evolution of eukaryotic genomes? Is there a genomic core that is refractory to horizontal gene transfer? Does the pattern of metabolic evolution mirror environmental changes in earth's history? Does adaptation to parasitic life-styles impose major changes in genome architecture and its transcriptome? And finally, what are the key ultrastructural and morphological innovations that led to modem eukaryotic complexity? These phylogenetic frameworks generated by the project will become the basis for interpreting the origin and evolution of genes and genome organization patterns that are responsible for novel phenotypes that underpin organismal complexity and disease.

描述（申请人提供）：在植物，动物和真菌发展之前，真核生物仅作为微生物至少为500,000至10亿年。了解微生物真核生物的进化史，尤其是原生物，是理解真核生物的起源，寄生虫的出现以及这种非常多样化的组合成植物，动物，真菌和其他最近衍生的群体的关键。生物代表了一个折衷的生物群体，这些生物具有许多在人体计划，生态学，生物化学和分子过程中的创新。从实质性生命形式到真核细胞结构的过渡以及多细胞真核生物的起源植根于生物世界。该提案描述了新分子数据的收集以及构建用于探索各种真核生物进化关系的大规模多基因数据集。我们的实验策略旨在通过探索主要进化枝内的关系以及将不确定位置的分类单元探索在家谱上的分类群来捕捉真核生物的多样性。我们将为多达30个关键的生物构建标准化的cDNA文库，并从每个库中序列10,000-20,000个cDNA克隆。使用计算机生成的比对，我们将使用高通量系统组学来解决以下问题：主要真核谱系的组成和相对分支顺序是什么？横向基因转移在多大程度上影响了真核基因组的进化？是否有对水平基因转移难治性的基因组核？代谢进化的模式是否反映了地球历史上的环境变化？适应寄生生命风格的基因组结构及其转录组的重大变化是否会造成重大变化？最后，导致现代真核复杂性的主要超微结构和形态创新是什么？该项目产生的这些系统发育框架将成为解释基因和基因组组织模式的起源和演变的基础，这些基因和基因组组织模式负责基于生物复杂性和疾病的新表型。