Ceramic electrolyte design mitigating dendrites and voids at the Li anode

陶瓷电解质设计可减少锂阳极的枝晶和空隙

• 批准号: 2759597
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2759597
• 关键词: Ceramic; electrolyte; design; mitigating; dendrites

The demand for energy storage devices has never been greater. Lithium ion batteries have played an important role in the development of portable electronics due to their high energy densities. They are a key technology in enabling the electrification of transport and the move away from the internal combustion engine. In order to support the transition to renewable energy sources and to fully electrify transport, new materials and battery technologies will be needed. For example, solid state electrolytes make the use of a lithium metal anode possible, significantly increasing the energy safety, i.e. extending driving range. However important challenges remain to be solved if practical solid-state batteries with a lithium anode and ceramic electrolyte are to be realised. During cycling of a solid-state battery with a lithium metal anode, lithium metal is plated and stripped. This give rise to challenges at the lithium-solid electrolyte interface: how to mitigate the formation of voids at the interface on discharge (stripping) and how to suppress dendrite formation on charging (plating). We have shown the detrimental effects of voiding and have made important progress in understanding lithium dendrite growth, which ultimately leads to cell failure. This fundamental understanding has raised the possibility of controlling both the surface and bulk morphology of the ceramic electrolyte as a means of suppressing voids and dendrites, crucially at practical current densities and pressures. It is these topics that this studentship will investigate. Firstly, the surface of the solid electrolyte in contact with lithium will be modified to prevent voiding and significantly increase the stripping current density. Secondly new understanding of lithium dendrite penetration will be exploited to control the solid electrolyte morphology to realise higher current densities without dendrite growth and short-circuiting. This will also contribute to the understanding of the mechanics of sulphide-based electrolytes.Controlling the surface and bulk morphology of sulphide-based solid electrolytes and understanding the relationship between these factors and the performance of the lithium anode is scientifically and technically challenging. This project will involve designing and developing new techniques to prepare solid electrolytes with different bulk and surface morphologies, to characterise them and to fabricate cells and investigate their performance. These results will be used to produce optimised morphologies. This project will involve a number of techniques to control the morphology, such as 3D printing, hot pressing, spark plasma sintering and other materials processing methodologies. The electrolytes will be incorporated in electrochemical cells and testing such as cycling and EIS will be will be used to assess changes in performance. Scanning electron microscopy and tomography will provide complementary data.This project falls within the EPSRC Physical Sciences and Energy and decarbonisation research areas.The studentship is funded as part of the Faraday Institution's solid-state battery project, SOLBAT, and will collaborate with the other partners involved in the project. This is a 4-year Faraday Institution Studentship (part of the course fee paid from Oxford Materials funds)

对储能设备的需求从未如此大。锂离子电池由于高能密度而在便携式电子产品的开发中发挥了重要作用。它们是使运输电气化并远离内燃机的关键技术。为了支持向可再生能源的过渡并为了充分的电气运输，将需要新的材料和电池技术。例如，固态电解质使使用锂金属阳极的使用可能会显着提高能量安全性，即延伸驱动范围。但是，如果要实现带有锂阳极和陶瓷电解质的实用固态电池，那么重要的挑战仍有待解决。在用锂金属阳极的固态电池循环过程中，将锂金属铺板并剥离。这引起了锂 - 固体电解质界面的挑战：如何减轻放电时界面处的空隙形成（剥离）（剥离）以及如何抑制充电（板）上的树突形成。我们已经表明了空隙的有害作用，并在理解锂树突生长方面取得了重要进展，最终导致细胞衰竭。这种基本的理解提高了控制陶瓷电解质的表面和散装形态的可能性，作为抑制空隙和树突的一种手段，在实际的当前密度和压力下至关重要。这些主题将调查这些主题。首先，将修改与锂接触的固体电解质表面，以防止排尿并显着增加剥离电流密度。其次，将利用对锂树突渗透的新理解，以控制固体电解质形态，以实现较高的电流密度，而没有树突生长和短路。这也将有助于理解基于硫化物的电解质的力学。基于基于硫化物的固体电解质的表面和大量形态，并了解这些因素与锂阳极的性能之间的关系在科学上且技术上具有挑战性。该项目将涉及设计和开发新技术，以制备具有不同散装和表面形态的固体电解质，以表征它们并制造细胞并研究其性能。这些结果将用于产生优化的形态。该项目将涉及多种技术来控制形态，例如3D打印，热压，火花等离子体烧结和其他材料处理方法。电解质将掺入电化学细胞中，并将使用骑自行车和EIS等测试来评估性能的变化。扫描电子显微镜和层析成像将提供互补的数据。该项目属于EPSRC物理科学和能量和脱碳研究领域。该学生资助是作为法拉第学院固态电池项目Solbat的一部分，并将与参与该项目的其他合作伙伴合作。这是一个为期4年的法拉第学院的学生资格（牛津材料基金支付的课程费用的一部分）