Modeling HIV Diffusion through Drug Using Networks

模拟艾滋病毒通过吸毒网络的传播

• 批准号: 7070548
• 负责人: WILLIAM A ZULE
• 金额: $ 66.42万
• 依托单位: RESEARCH TRIANGLE INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-30 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7070548
• 关键词: behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; communicable disease transmission; cooperative study; disease /disorder prevention /control; disease /disorder proneness /risk; drug abuse; ethnic group; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human immunodeficiency virus; human subject; interview; intravenous drug abuse; longitudinal human study; mathematical model; model design /development; sex behavior; sexually transmitted diseases; social behavior; social group; social support network; socioenvironment; substance abuse epidemiology

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Sexual transmission of HIV is increasing in the South among women, minorities, and men who have sex with men. Moreover, in several recent studies, HIV incidence among injecting drug users was associated more with sexual risk behaviors than injecting risk behaviors. The increasing incidence of HIV associated with sexual transmission may reflect the success of interventions in reducing injecting risk, and the fact that sexual risk reduction is often influenced by social, gender, and cultural norms in addition to individual motivation. Furthermore, patterns of drug use have shifted in the South, with high rates of crack use among minorities and within rural areas. The proposed 5-year multimethod longitudinal study will identify factors associated with the sexual diffusion of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) within drug-using groups and from drug users to non-drug users in rural and urban settings in North Carolina. The approach will combine ethnographic observations, individual behavioral interviews, social network analysis, biological testing, and structural environmental assessments. These data will provide inputs for developing conceptual and mathematical models of HIV epidemics among drug users in rural and urban settings. Such models can aid in intervention development by helping to determine which modifiable behavioral and structural factors would have the greatest impact on reducing HIV and STI transmission. The proposed team will work collaboratively with the State HIV/AIDS office and the University of North Carolina (UNC) Center on AIDS Research Virology Core for virological testing to identify recent HIV infections. The specific aims of the study are as follows: 1. To assess the effects of environmental (e.g., neighborhood characteristics, rural-urban setting, and syringe access), social network (e.g., density, size, and stability), and personal (e.g., age, race, and gender) characteristics on individual risk behavior, prevalence, and incidence of HIV and STIs. 2. To identify and describe differences in social network characteristics associated with urban-rural settings, social structure, risk behaviors, geographic location, and environmental conditions and to link these differences to the spread of HIV and STIs within and between networks. 3. To develop a conceptual model of HIV and STI transmission within, between, and outside the networks. This model will be based on the findings in Aims 1 and 2 and include biological, personal, network, and environmental components and their interaction with risk behavior. 4. To develop a mathematical model that will operationalize the conceptual model in Aim 3. This model will synthesize findings from Aims 1 through 3 in order to estimate (through simulation) the impact of intervening at different levels (biological, individual, network, and environment) and at specific points within levels.

描述（由申请人提供）： 南部的艾滋病毒性传播在与男性发生性关系的妇女，少数民族和男性中的性传播。此外，在最近的一些研究中，注射吸毒者的艾滋病毒发病率与性风险行为相比，而不是注射风险行为。与性传播相关的艾滋病毒的发生率的增加可能反映了干预措施在降低风险中的成功，以及除了个人动机外，还受到社会，性别和文化规范的影响，这一事实通常会受到性风险的影响。此外，南部的吸毒模式发生了变化，少数民族和农村地区的裂缝使用率很高。拟议的5年多方法纵向研究将确定与艾滋病毒和其他性传播感染（STI）相关的因素，并在北卡罗来纳州的农村和城市环境中从吸毒者到非药物使用者到非毒品使用者。该方法将结合民族志观察，个人行为访谈，社交网络分析，生物测试和结构性环境评估。这些数据将为农村和城市环境中的吸毒者中的艾滋病毒流行病的概念和数学模型提供输入。这样的模型可以通过帮助确定哪些可修改的行为和结构因素将对减少艾滋病毒和性传播感染传播产生最大影响，从而有助于干预开发。拟议的团队将与州艾滋病毒/艾滋病办公室和北卡罗来纳大学（UNC）艾滋病研究病毒学核心的病毒学测试核心合作，以识别最近的艾滋病毒感染。该研究的具体目的如下：1。评估环境（例如，邻里特征，农村城市环境和注射器的访问），社交网络（例如，密度，大小和稳定性）以及个人（例如年龄，种族和性别）特征对个人风险行为，患病性和hIV和疾病的发病率的影响。 2。识别和描述与城市农村环境，社会结构，风险行为，地理位置和环境条件相关的社交网络特征的差异，并将这些差异与网络之间和网络之间的HIV和性传播感染联系起来。 3。在网络之间，之间和外部开发艾滋病毒和STI传播的概念模型。该模型将基于AIMS 1和2中的发现，包括生物学，个人，网络和环境组成部分及其与风险行为的相互作用。 4。要开发一个数学模型，该模型将在AIM 3中运行概念模型。该模型将从目标1到3中综合发现，以估算（通过模拟）在不同级别（生物学，个人，网络和环境）以及在级别内的特定点上进行介入的影响。