Adsorption of Gas Phase Contaminants

气相污染物的吸附

• 批准号: 7101023
• 负责人: CLAUDIU T LUNGU
• 金额: $ 16.44万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-03 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7101023
• 关键词: adsorption; air pollution control; air treatment; atmospheric pressure; biomedical equipment development; carbon; chemical models; environmental air flow; evaluation /testing; gas; glass; humidity; occupational health /safety; phenols; resin; temperature; user protection

DESCRIPTION: Respiratory protection represents the last resort for protection against harmful contaminants. However, in their daily work activity a large number of workers rely on respirators for their protection. In the case of gas phase contaminants, cartridges containing adsorbing material are used to remove the gases and vapors from the breathing zone. Pure or impregnated Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) is the main adsorbent used in respirators for a large number of vapors and gases which may exist in the workplace. A number of drawbacks including low capacity, low selectivity and the requirement of expensive and sometime difficult to wear cartridges as containment, makes GAC a less than ideal adsorbent. Activated Carbon Fibers (ACF) present a number of advantages over GAC including better adsorption capacity and faster kinetics, but they are much more expensive than GAC and have not been considered a viable alternative. The development of a new ACF family using inexpensive glass fibers as a substrate for carbonized phenolic resin makes ACF more competitive. The new microporous composite materials, Fibrous Porous Materials (FPMs) have shown improved adsorption performance over GAC in the adsorption of a number of compounds. However their use in respiratory protection has not yet been explored. The research proposed here aims to investigate the properties of the FPMs relevant to their use in respiratory protection against gas phase contaminants. This research will bring a better understanding of the ACF adsorption process in general and the applicability of these materials for respiratory protection by investigating: 1. The adsorption characteristics of FPMs for a number of gases, vapors and mixtures under dynamic conditions, 2. The applicability of relevant adsorption models to predict the adsorption efficiency and service life of respiratory devices using FPMs, 3. The effect of fiber orientation and packing density on the pressure drop and adsorption efficiency of cartridges using FPMs.

描述：呼吸保护代表了防止有害污染物的防护措施。但是，在他们的日常工作中，大量工人 依靠呼吸器来保护。在气相污染物的情况下，使用含有吸附材料的墨盒从呼吸区去除气体和蒸气。纯或浸渍的颗粒活性碳（GAC）是用于工作场所中可能存在的大量蒸气和气体的主要吸附剂。许多缺点，包括低容量，低选择性和昂贵的需求，有时难以将墨盒作为遏制，使GAC变得不那么理想地吸附。 活性炭纤维（ACF）比GAC具有许多优势，包括更好的吸附能力和更快的动力学，但它们比GAC贵得多，并且尚未被认为是可行的替代方案。 使用廉价的玻璃纤维作为碳化酚醛树脂的底物的新ACF家族的开发使ACF更具竞争力。新型的微孔复合材料，纤维多孔材料（FPM）显示出与GAC相比，在多种化合物的吸附中，吸附性能提高了。但是，尚未探索它们在呼吸保护中的使用。此处提出的研究旨在研究FPMS与它们在呼吸道保护抗气相污染物中使用的特性。 这项研究将一般来说，对ACF吸附过程有了更好的了解，并通过调查这些材料来适用于呼吸保护： 1。在动态条件下，许多气体，蒸气和混合物的FPM的吸附特性， 2。相关吸附模型的适用性，以预测使用FPMS的呼吸器设备的吸附效率和使用寿命 3。使用FPM的纤维取向和填料密度对墨盒压力下降和吸附效率的影响。