Climate resilient earthwork design using green infrastructure

使用绿色基础设施进行气候适应性土方设计

• 批准号: 2743684
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2743684
• 关键词: Climate; resilient; earthwork; design; using

There are tens of thousands of miles of vegetated infrastructure slopes, i.e. man-made embankments and cut slopes which support railways and highways, in the UK. Network Rail alone owns 52,000 hectares of land on which there are nearly 6.3 million trees. As earthworks are known to demonstrate poor serviceability when interacting with vegetation, Engineers tend to perceive it as a liability rather than to appreciate it as a national asset. Well-maintained vegetation, however, has the potential to enhance slope stability and has undeniably positive environmental outcomes. It is estimated that hundreds of millions of pounds will be spent over the next 20 years to manage vegetation while complying with safety and operational standards. Interaction between atmosphere and soil as an engineering material has only recently attracted significant interest. Serviceability problems arise in densely vegetated slopes during dry periods, as the soil shrinks excessively. Shrinkage is not fully recovered when water from precipitation percolates into the earthworks' soils causing swelling, hence shrinkage accumulates year on year. This cycle of swelling and shrinkage is expected to intensify, as climate change projections show a substantial increase in rainfall extremes, followed by long periods of intensified drought. On the other hand, vegetation establishment on earthworks can increase slope stability via its roots, reduce the infiltration rate in the soils, protect the soil against erosion. To properly understand and quantify the problems as well as to propose solutions for best greening strategies, we need to develop robust models integrating water transport from the soils to vegetation and the atmosphere, and soil hydro-mechanical behaviour. Detailed data are needed to validate these models, which upon successful implementation and validation can be used to inform new-generation geotechnical engineering standards for modern construction as well as maintenance of existing earthworks. The project aims to bridge ecohydrological, soil and geotechnical modelling, with the scope of enhancing the resilience of vegetated infrastructure earthworks to climate change.The project will be organised in the following tasks:1 Analyse with the aid of the CASE partner Geotechnical Observations field data from selected infrastructure slopes and identify representative case studies;2 Generate new data though field and laboratory studies (data of soil mechanical and hydraulic properties and field data monitoring the behaviour of existing infrastructure);3 Develop a unique soil-plant-atmosphere model that integrates geotechnical modelling with all necessary ecohydrological processes. The model development will integrate modelling expertise between the Hydrology and Geotechnics sections at Imperial College London;4 Perform risk analysis under a changing climate using the last generation CMPI6 climate model projections for the UK.

在英国，有成千上万英里的植被基础设施斜坡，即人为的路堤和剪裁斜坡，这些斜坡支持铁路和高速公路。仅网络铁路拥有52,000公顷土地，那里有近630万棵树。由于众所周知，在与植被互动时，土方工程表现出差的服务性，工程师倾向于将其视为责任，而不是将其视为国家资产。然而，维护良好的植被具有增强斜率稳定性的潜力，并且不可否认地具有积极的环境结果。据估计，在未来20年内将花费数亿英镑来管理植被，同时遵守安全和运营标准。大气与土壤作为工程材料之间的相互作用直到最近才引起了重大兴趣。在干燥时期，由于土壤过度收缩，在植被坡度密集的斜坡上出现了可维护性问题。当从降水量渗出到土壤的土壤中导致肿胀的土壤中时，收缩并没有完全恢复，因此收缩逐年积累。由于气候变化的预测显示出极端降雨量的大幅增加，随后是长时间的干旱加剧，预计这种肿胀和收缩的周期有望加剧。另一方面，土方工程的植被建立可以通过其根部提高斜率稳定性，降低土壤中的渗透率，保护土壤免受侵蚀。为了正确理解和量化问题，并提出了解决最佳绿色策略的解决方案，我们需要开发合理的模型，将水从土壤到植被和大气以及土壤水力机械行为整合。需要详细的数据来验证这些模型，在成功实施并验证后，可以使用这些模型来为现代建筑的新代岩土工程标准提供信息。该项目旨在弥合生态水文，土壤和岩土技术建模，并具有增强植被基础设施土方工程对气候变化的弹性的范围。该项目将在以下任务中组织：1分析案例伙伴的吉特技术伙伴geotechnical观察结果，这些案例伙伴从所选的基础案例研究和确定的杂物案例研究（确定了代表性的数据）（2）；水力特性和现场数据监测现有基础设施的行为）； 3开发了独特的土壤植物 - 大气模型，将岩土技术建模与所有必要的生态水文过程集成。模型开发将在伦敦帝国学院的水文学和岩土技术部分之间整合建模专业知识； 4使用英国的上一代CMPI6气候模型预测，在不断变化的气候下进行风险分析。