Urban Social Context, Health and Health Disparities

城市社会背景、健康和健康差异

• 批准号: 7099187
• 负责人: JAMES S HOUSE
• 金额: $ 50.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-05-01 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7099187
• 关键词: alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; biomarker; blood pressure; body composition; clinical research; community; data collection methodology /evaluation; diet; disease /disorder proneness /risk; exercise; health disparity; health services research tag; health surveys; human data; human mortality; interview; longitudinal human study; psychological stressor; questionnaires; racial /ethnic difference; socioeconomics; socioenvironment; urban area; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; biomarker; blood pressure; body composition; clinical research; community; data collection methodology /evaluation; diet; disease /disorder proneness /risk; exercise; health disparity; health services research tag; health surveys; human data; human mortality; interview; longitudinal human study; psychological stressor; questionnaires; racial /ethnic difference; socioeconomics; socioenvironment; urban area

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project will capitalize on, extend, and enhance the Chicago Community Adult Health Study (CCAHS), (P50 HD 38986) which is designed to become a major prospective multi-level study of the impact of individual and social environmental factors on health, their role in understanding socioeconomic and racial- ethnic disparities in health, and the biological and behavioral pathways that are involved. This project has completed a major survey of a probability sample of 3105 adults age 18+ in the city of Chicago, with a response rate of 72 percent and including physical measurements of height, weight, waist, hip length, and blood pressure. In addition, saliva and/or a blood sample have been collected for 661 people (60 percent of respondents in a subsample of 80 of the 343 neighborhood clusters (NCs) covering the entire city of Chicago, developed and characterized by the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) (http://phdcn.harvard.edu/), from which the CCAHS sample is drawn. In addition to utilizing existing and collecting new archival data on these areas, the CCAHS carried out Systematic Social Observations of 1664 blocks containing sampled households for the study. Thus, the current application seeks to utilize all these data to extend and enhance the CCAHS as follows: 1) to estimate via state of the art multi-level analysis the role in health and health disparities of the immediate social contexts or "neighborhoods" in which people live; 2) to estimate how a wide range of aspects of immediate residential contexts and broader social contexts (assessed by multiple methods and measures and considered both singly and in interaction with each other and individual and household factors) affect health and health disparities and help to understand or flesh out the role of social context in health; 3) to estimate via innovative new methods the role in health and health disparities of the broader social contexts which surround more immediate residential contexts; and 4) to begin to convert the existing cross-sectional study into a longitudinal and prospective study via respondent tracking and mortality follow-up, which will allow initial prospective analyses of the predictive association with mortality of individual, household, and contextual psychosocial risk factors for health assessed in the CCAHS, as well as laying the foundation for a second wave of data collection in 2008-9, which will be funded by a subsequent competing renewal application, and allow for prospective analyses with respect to the full range of health outcomes in CCAHS. This study will importantly advance the understanding of socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities in health - a major priority of the Public Health Service and National Institutes of Health for the new millennium.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目将资本化，扩展和增强芝加哥社区成人健康研究（CCAHS），（P50 HD 38986），该研究旨在成为对个人和社会环境因素对健康对健康的影响的主要前瞻性多层研究，其在社会经济和种族差异中的作用，了解健康和种族差异，并涉及生物学和生物学和行为和行为和行为和行为的影响。该项目已经完成了芝加哥市3105名成年人年龄3105名成年人的概率样本的重大调查，其应答率为72％，包括身高，体重，腰围，臀部长度和血压的物理测量。此外，已经收集了661人的唾液和/或血液样本（在涵盖芝加哥整个芝加哥的343个社区簇（NC）中，有60％的受访者在芝加哥社区（PHDCN）（phdcn）（http://phdcn.harvard.edunsy the undly to ucc）中的343个社区簇（NC）中有80名受访者（NCS）的开发和特征。 CCAH对这些领域的现有和收集新的档案数据，对包含采样家庭的1664个块进行了系统的社会观察，因此，当前的申请试图利用所有这些数据来扩展和增强CCAHS，如下：1），以通过艺术多层分析在健康和健康状况中的作用来估算。 2）估计直接居住环境和更广泛的社会环境的各个方面如何（通过多种方法和措施评估，并彼此之间以及彼此之间的互动以及个人和家庭因素互动）会影响健康和健康差异，并有助于理解或充实社会环境在健康中的作用； 3）通过创新的新方法估算围绕更直接住宅环境的更广泛社会环境的健康和健康差异的作用；和4）通过受访者跟踪和死亡率随访开始将现有的横截面研究转化为纵向和前瞻性研究，这将允许对与个人，家庭和情境心理社会心理心理风险因素的死亡率进行预测关联的初步前瞻性分析，并允许CCAH中评估的健康状况，并允许在2008-9-9-9中为数据收集提供第二波，并为一波竞争，该公司的基础，这是一波竞争的基础。关于CCAH的全部健康结果的前瞻性分析。这项研究将重要的是，将对新千年的公共卫生服务局和国立卫生研究院的主要优先事项提高对卫生中社会经济和种族/种族差异的理解。