NEUROCOGNITIVE ASSESSMENT OF 'CALLOUS' CONDUCT DISORDERED YOUTH

对“冷酷”行为紊乱青少年的神经认知评估

• 批准号: 7049658
• 负责人: KENT A KIEHL
• 金额: $ 31.28万
• 依托单位: HARTFORD HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-02-02 至 2006-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7049658
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); antisocial personality; attention deficit disorder; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; brain mapping; clinical research; conduct disorder; electrophysiology; evoked potentials; functional magnetic resonance imaging; hemodynamics; human subject; limbic system; neural information processing; neuropsychology; patient oriented research

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent research has identified a callous and unemotional subtype of Conduct Disorder (CD) in adolescence that closely resembles adult conceptualizations of psychopathy. Accumulating evidence suggests that the affective and interpersonal impairments in Callous CD are measurable at an early age and may persist into adulthood. It is well known that the adult psychopath, relative to nonpsychopaths, is responsible for a disproportionate amount of social disruption, both civil and criminal. It is thus potentially important to develop a better understanding of the adolescent precursors to adult psychopathy. Recent electrophysiological and hemodynamic imaging studies completed by the primary investigator suggest that adult psychopathy is associated with neurocognitive abnormalities in the paralimbic system during performance of affective, error-monitoring, and salient stimulus processing tasks. The primary paralimbic structures that appear to be implicated include the amygdala, orbital frontal cortex, anterior superior temporal gyrus, and anterior and posterior cingulate. The purpose of the present proposal is to test the hypothesis that Callous CD in adolescence is associated with functional abnormalities in the paralimbic system. It is hypothesized that paralimbic dysfunction will characterize adolescents with Callous CD features and differentiate these youth from peers without such features. It is also hypothesized that Callous CD will be associated with alterations in the normal developmental trajectories associated with processing affective, salient, and error stimuli. High temporal resolution electrophysiological techniques and high spatial resolution hemodynamic imaging will be used to describe the functional neural architecture associated with affective, error-monitoring, and salient stimulus processing tasks in groups stratified by Callous CD scores. The ultimate aim of the proposed project is to obtain a more complete understanding of the brain systems implicated in CD adolescents characterized by high callousness, and secondarily, to begin to understand how the function of the paralimbic system relates to other disruptive disorders commonly diagnosed in adolescence. At the conclusion of the study, data will be available to characterize the functional neuroanatomy in youth with Callous CD to determine what, if any, neurocognitive patterns may contribute to the persistence of antisocial and "psychopathic-like" features. The data also will delineate the relationships between the function of the paralimbic system and the symptom subtypes of Callous CD.

描述（由申请人提供）：最近的研究确定了青春期行为障碍（CD）的冷酷无情的亚型，与精神病的成人概念相似。积累的证据表明，CD CD中的情感和人际交往障碍是可以在幼年时期测量的，并且可能会持续到成年。众所周知，相对于非精神病患者，成人精神病患者造成了不成比例的社会破坏，包括民事和犯罪。因此，对成人精神病的青少年前体有更好的了解是可能的。主要研究者完成的最近的电生理和血液动力学成像研究表明，在情感，错误监测和明显的刺激处理任务的性能期间，成年精神病与旁白酶系统中的神经认知异常有关。似乎与之相关的主要旁皮结构包括杏仁核，轨道额叶皮层，前颞回和前扣带回。本提案的目的是检验以下假设：青春期中的冷漠CD与旁白酶系统中的功能异常有关。据推测，旁皮功能障碍将表征具有冷漠CD特征的青少年，并将这些年轻人与没有这种特征的同龄人区分开来。还可以假设，冷酷的CD将与与加工，明显和误差刺激相关的正常发育轨迹的改变有关。高时间分辨率的电生理技术和高空间分辨率血流动力成像将用于描述与情感，错误监控和显着的刺激处理任务相关的功能性神经架构，该任务是通过CLALOUS CD分层分层的组。拟议项目的最终目的是获得对涉及具有高冷酷无情的CD青少年的大脑系统的更完整的理解，其次是开始了解paralimbic System的功能如何与青少年常见诊断的其他破坏性疾病有关。在研究结束时，将可以使用数据来表征患有冷酷无们CD的年轻人的功能性神经解剖结构，以确定神经认知模式可能有助于反社会和“精神病状”特征的持久性。数据还将描绘旁白酶系统功能与老茧CD的症状亚型之间的关系。