NEUROCOGNITIVE ASSESSMENT OF 'CALLOUS' CONDUCT DISORDERED YOUTH

对“冷酷”行为紊乱青少年的神经认知评估

• 批准号: 7049658
• 负责人: KENT A KIEHL
• 金额: $ 31.28万
• 依托单位: HARTFORD HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-02-02 至 2006-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7049658
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); antisocial personality; attention deficit disorder; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; brain mapping; clinical research; conduct disorder; electrophysiology; evoked potentials; functional magnetic resonance imaging; hemodynamics; human subject; limbic system; neural information processing; neuropsychology; patient oriented research

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent research has identified a callous and unemotional subtype of Conduct Disorder (CD) in adolescence that closely resembles adult conceptualizations of psychopathy. Accumulating evidence suggests that the affective and interpersonal impairments in Callous CD are measurable at an early age and may persist into adulthood. It is well known that the adult psychopath, relative to nonpsychopaths, is responsible for a disproportionate amount of social disruption, both civil and criminal. It is thus potentially important to develop a better understanding of the adolescent precursors to adult psychopathy. Recent electrophysiological and hemodynamic imaging studies completed by the primary investigator suggest that adult psychopathy is associated with neurocognitive abnormalities in the paralimbic system during performance of affective, error-monitoring, and salient stimulus processing tasks. The primary paralimbic structures that appear to be implicated include the amygdala, orbital frontal cortex, anterior superior temporal gyrus, and anterior and posterior cingulate. The purpose of the present proposal is to test the hypothesis that Callous CD in adolescence is associated with functional abnormalities in the paralimbic system. It is hypothesized that paralimbic dysfunction will characterize adolescents with Callous CD features and differentiate these youth from peers without such features. It is also hypothesized that Callous CD will be associated with alterations in the normal developmental trajectories associated with processing affective, salient, and error stimuli. High temporal resolution electrophysiological techniques and high spatial resolution hemodynamic imaging will be used to describe the functional neural architecture associated with affective, error-monitoring, and salient stimulus processing tasks in groups stratified by Callous CD scores. The ultimate aim of the proposed project is to obtain a more complete understanding of the brain systems implicated in CD adolescents characterized by high callousness, and secondarily, to begin to understand how the function of the paralimbic system relates to other disruptive disorders commonly diagnosed in adolescence. At the conclusion of the study, data will be available to characterize the functional neuroanatomy in youth with Callous CD to determine what, if any, neurocognitive patterns may contribute to the persistence of antisocial and "psychopathic-like" features. The data also will delineate the relationships between the function of the paralimbic system and the symptom subtypes of Callous CD.

描述（由申请人提供）：最近的研究发现了青春期行为障碍（CD）的一种冷酷无情的亚型，与成人对精神病的概念非常相似。越来越多的证据表明，冷酷 CD 中的情感和人际关系障碍在很小的时候就可以测量到，并且可能持续到成年。众所周知，与非精神病患者相比，成年精神病患者造成了不成比例的社会破坏，无论是民事还是刑事。因此，更好地了解成人精神病的青少年前兆具有潜在的重要意义。主要研究者最近完成的电生理学和血流动力学成像研究表明，成人精神病与执行情感、错误监控和显着刺激处理任务时旁边缘系统的神经认知异常有关。似乎涉及的主要旁边缘结构包括杏仁核、眶额皮质、颞上回前部和前扣带回和后扣带回。本提案的目的是检验青春期 Callous CD 与旁边缘系统功能异常相关的假设。据推测，旁边缘功能障碍将成为具有冷酷 CD 特征的青少年的特征，并将这些青少年与没有此类特征的同龄人区分开来。还假设冷酷 CD 与处理情感、显着和错误刺激相关的正常发育轨迹的改变有关。高时间分辨率电生理学技术和高空间分辨率血流动力学成像将用于描述与情感、错误监测和按 Callous CD 评分分层的显着刺激处理任务相关的功能神经结构。该项目的最终目的是更全面地了解以高度冷酷为特征的 CD 青少年所涉及的大脑系统，其次，开始了解旁边缘系统的功能如何与青春期常见的其他破坏性疾病相关。研究结束时，将获得数据来描述患有冷酷 CD 的青少年的功能性神经解剖学特征，以确定哪些神经认知模式（如果有的话）可能导致反社会和“精神病样”特征的持续存在。这些数据还将描述旁边缘系统的功能与 Callous CD 症状亚型之间的关系。