Trends in food consumption patterns of Americans

美国人食品消费模式的趋势

• 批准号: 6843988
• 负责人: ASHIMA K KANT
• 金额: $ 15.4万
• 依托单位: QUEENS COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-30 至 2006-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6843988
• 关键词: American; behavioral /social science research tag; bioenergetics; biomarker; clinical research; dietary excess; disease /disorder proneness /risk; human data; longitudinal human study; model design /development; nutrient intake activity; nutrition related tag; nutritional epidemiology; obesity; overeating; psychological models

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent data from the 1999-2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey indicate a continuation of the trend for increasing prevalence of obesity in the US population. These trends reflect a persistent positive energy balance in the US population. Ecologic data suggest that energy intakes in the past three decades have increased without a concomitant increase in energy expenditure. Multiple factors are probably responsible for the increase in energy intake, but are poorly understood. Bio-behavioral factors such as consumption of foods prepared away from home and large portion sizes are currently receiving attention as possible contributors to increasing energy intake. However, an expanding food supply, aggressive food marketing, and changes in work and leisure behaviors over the past three decades may be expected to influence several other food related behaviors that may relate to energy intake and thus affect energy balance. These food consumption behaviors include dietary variety and energy density; frequency of eating episodes/snacking; breakfast, and evening/night eating patterns. Surprisingly little, however, is known about trends in these food consumption behaviors. Therefore, the overall objective of the proposed study is to examine trends in patterns of food consumption (as reflected in dietary variety and energy density, frequency of eating episodes/snacking, breakfast, and evening/night eating behaviors) from 1971-2002, to understand their potential contribution to energy intake and increasing adiposity of the US population. Accordingly, we will test these hypotheses: 1) patterns of food consumption (dietary variety and energy density, frequency of eating episodes/snacking, and breakfast, evening/night eating behaviors) are independent predictors of self-reported dietary energy intake, indices of adiposity, and biomarkers in the adult US population, 2) the patterns of food consumption have changed from 1971 to 2002, and 3) the secular changes in patterns of food consumption from 1971-2002 are associated with secular changes in energy intake and indices of adiposity from 1971-2002. We will use nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys I (1971-74), II (1976-1980), III (1988-1994), and 1999-2002, to examine these hypotheses. An examination of changing patterns of food consumption can help in understanding the correlates of increasing energy intake and permit designing and targeting of suitable interventions by both the public and the private sectors.

描述（由申请人提供）：1999-2000 年国家健康和营养检查调查的最新数据表明，美国人口肥胖患病率呈持续上升趋势。这些趋势反映了美国人口持续的正能量平衡。生态数据表明，过去三十年中能量摄入量有所增加，但能量消耗却没有随之增加。能量摄入增加可能有多种因素，但人们对此知之甚少。生物行为因素，例如食用离家准备的食物和大份量的食物，目前正在受到关注，因为它们可能是增加能量摄入的因素。然而，过去三十年不断扩大的食品供应、积极的食品营销以及工作和休闲行为的变化可能会影响其他几种与能量摄入相关的食品相关行为，从而影响能量平衡。这些食物消费行为包括饮食多样性和能量密度；进食/吃零食的频率；早餐和晚上的饮食模式。然而，令人惊讶的是，人们对这些食品消费行为的趋势知之甚少。因此，本研究的总体目标是考察 1971 年至 2002 年食物消费模式的趋势（反映在饮食多样性和能量密度、进食频率/零食、早餐和晚上/夜间饮食行为），了解它们对能量摄入和美国人口肥胖增加的潜在贡献。因此，我们将检验这些假设：1）食物消费模式（饮食种类和能量密度、进食次数/零食的频率以及早餐、晚上/晚上的饮食行为）是自我报告的饮食能量摄入量的独立预测因素，肥胖和美国成年人口的生物标志物，2) 食品消费模式从 1971 年到 2002 年发生了变化，3) 食品消费模式从 1971 年到 2002 年的长期变化1971-2002 年与 1971-2002 年能量摄入和肥胖指数的长期变化相关。我们将使用国家健康和营养检查调查一期（1971-74 年）、二期（1976-1980 年）、三期（1988-1994 年）和 1999-2002 年的全国代表性数据来检验这些假设。检查食物消费模式的变化有助于了解增加能量摄入的相关性，并允许公共和私营部门设计和瞄准适当的干预措施。