Using Cognates to Improve Bilingual Verbal Assessment

使用同源词改善双语口头评估

• 批准号: 7054720
• 负责人: Tamar Gollan
• 金额: $ 15.46万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-04-15 至 2008-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7054720
• 关键词: Hispanic Americans; adult human (21+); behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognition disorders; computer data analysis; computer human interaction; developmental psychology; diagnosis design /evaluation; language translation; learning; longitudinal human study; memory; multilingualism; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; nonEnglish language; patient oriented research; psycholinguistics; questionnaires; racial /ethnic difference; semantics; sociolinguistics; statistics /biometry; verbal behavior; vocabulary

Virtually no standardized neuropsychological tests have been developed for bilinguals and very little is known about how normal bilinguals should perform on currently available neuropsychological measures. Considerable experimental evidence suggests that bilinguals demonstrate improved performance when tested on 'cognates' (i.e., cross-language translations that are similar in form, such as the Spanish word 'fruta' which means 'fruit'). This applicant proposes to evaluate the influence of cognate status on tests of naming, word recognition, fluency, and verbal memory. It is hypothesized that cognates will provide a more complete and accurate assessment of cognitive processing in bilinguals because cognates represent a bridge across the processing barrier between bilinguals' differing levels of competence in two different languages. In addition to their clinical utility the data collected in the proposed research will provide useful constraints for developing theoretical models of language processing in bilinguals. The applicant is requesting five years of funding through a Mentored Patient Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23) to enhance her skills for conducting research that will improve sensitivity in bilingual neuropsychological assessment. The applicant's strong background of research with bilingual language processing (in English, Spanish, and Hebrew), clinical training in neuropsychological assessment, and academic training in cognitive neuropsychology, provide the foundation for this work. The proposed training goals include acquiring 1) enhanced skills for using multiple experimental paradigms, 2) in-depth knowledge of current developments in bilingual research and theory, 3) increased skills for conducting research on older adults, and 4) advanced training in data analysis with naturalistic (not experimentally controlled) variables. These skills are needed for the applicant to pursue innovative, comprehensive, and theoretically motivated research on developing improved methods for assessing cognitive skills in bilinguals.

几乎没有针对双语者开发的标准化神经心理学测试，并且关于正常双语者在当前可用的神经心理学措施中的表现知之甚少。 大量的实验证据表明，双语者在“认知”测试时表现出改善的性能（即形式相似的跨语言翻译，例如西班牙语单词“ fruta”，意为“果实”）。该申请人建议评估认知状态对命名，单词识别，流利性和言语记忆的影响。假设认知将对双语者的认知处理提供更完整，更准确的评估，因为认知代表了双语者在两种不同语言中不同水平之间的处理障碍之间的桥梁。 除了临床实用性外，拟议的研究中收集的数据还将为开发双语者语言处理的理论模型提供有用的限制。申请人要求通过指导的患者研究职业发展奖（K23）索取五年的资金，以提高她进行研究的技能，从而提高双语神经心理学评估的敏感性。申请人通过双语语言处理（用英语，西班牙语和希伯来语），神经心理学评估的临床培训以及认知神经心理学的学术培训的强大研究背景为这项工作奠定了基础。拟议的培训目标包括获取1）增强了使用多个实验范式的技能，2）对双语研究和理论中当前发展的深入了解，3）提高对老年人进行研究的技能，以及4）具有自然主义（未经实验性控制）变量的数据分析的高级培训。申请人需要这些技能，以寻求创新，全面且理论上的动机研究，以开发改进双语者认知能力的方法。