Motor Inhibition In Controls Patients With Bipolar

双相情感障碍对照患者的运动抑制

• 批准号: 6671666
• 负责人: Ellen Leibenluft
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6671666
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); attention deficit disorder; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; bipolar depression; child (0-11); child mental disorders; cingulate gyrus; developmental neurobiology; evoked potentials; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; impulsive behavior; patient oriented research; prefrontal lobe /cortex; psychomotor function

The inability to exert appropriate inhibitory control over one?s behavior is an important symptom of many psychiatric illnesses. The stop signal paradigm, which involves withholding a prepotent motor response to a signal, has proved useful in assessing this deficit in children with a range of disorders, particularly attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In order to adapt the paradigm for use in fMRI studies, it is important to address two methodological issues: 1) the substitution of a visual stop signal for the more commonly-employed auditory stop signal, and 2) the relative merits of the traditional stop task (subjects withhold a motor response to the ?stop? signal) vs. the stop-change task (subjects execute alternative motor responses to the ?stop? and ?go? signals). The first aim of this protocol is to compare behavioral data from these alternative stop signal paradigms in control adults, control children, and children with ADHD. These data will be used to test the hypotheses that, on each of these paradigms, children with ADHD will show an inhibitory deficit compared to control children, and control children will show an inhibitory deficit compared to control adults. Collaborations are being formed with Children?s National Medical Center to test the behavioral hypotheses concerning control children and those with ADHD. In addition, behavioral testing is being conducted in children with bipolar disorder, in order to facilitate study of their deficits in impulse control. Preliminary data from bipolar children indicates that they do have a lengthened stop signal response time, indicating deficits in motor inhibition. The second aim of the protocol is to conduct a pilot fMRI study of the stop and stop-change tasks in control adults and adolescents. The study has an event-related design and will test the hypotheses that ventral prefrontal activation will be greater during successful than unsuccessful stop (or stop-change) trials, and that stop and stop-change trials will be associated with more anterior cingulate activation than will go trials. Developmental differences between adults and adolescents will be explored. To date, approximately 20 control adults have been scanned using the paradigm, demonstrating feasibility. These data are being analyzed and recruitment of adolescents and a second group of control adults has begun. The third aim of the study is to develop a version of the stop task with a parametric design and one with behavioral contingencies.

无法对自己的行为进行适当的抑制控制是许多精神疾病的重要症状。停止信号范式涉及抑制对信号的强效运动反应，已被证明可用于评估患有一系列疾病的儿童的这种缺陷，特别是注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）。为了适应功能磁共振成像研究中使用的范式，解决两个方法论问题非常重要：1）用视觉停止信号替代更常用的听觉停止信号，2）传统停止信号的相对优点任务（受试者对“停止”信号保持运动反应）与停止变化任务（受试者对“停止”和“开始”信号执行替代运动反应）。 该协议的第一个目的是比较控制成人、控制儿童和患有多动症的儿童中这些替代停止信号范例的行为数据。这些数据将用于检验以下假设：在每个范例中，与对照儿童相比，多动症儿童将表现出抑制缺陷，而对照儿童与对照成人相比将表现出抑制缺陷。正在与国家儿童医疗中心合作，测试有关对照儿童和多动症儿童的行为假设。此外，正在对双相情感障碍儿童进行行为测试，以促进研究他们的冲动控制缺陷。双相情感障碍儿童的初步数据表明，他们的停止信号反应时间确实延长，表明运动抑制存在缺陷。 该协议的第二个目标是对对照成人和青少年的停止和停止变化任务进行试点功能磁共振成像研究。该研究采用与事件相关的设计，并将测试以下假设：成功的停止（或停止改变）试验期间腹侧前额叶激活将比不成功的停止（或停止改变）试验更大，并且停止和停止改变试验将与更多的前扣带回激活相关。会去试炼。将探讨成人和青少年之间的发育差异。迄今为止，已经使用该范例对大约 20 名对照成年人进行了扫描，证明了可行性。正在分析这些数据，并开始招募青少年和第二组对照成年人。该研究的第三个目标是开发一种具有参数化设计和行为意外事件的停止任务版本。