Mechanisms of Intermediate Distance Space Perception

中距离空间感知机制

• 批准号: 6599049
• 负责人: Zijiang He
• 金额: $ 24.58万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-04-01 至 2007-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6599049
• 关键词: attention; behavioral /social science research tag; binocular vision; clinical research; computer human interaction; computer simulation; cues; form /pattern perception; human subject; judgment; neural information processing; retinal adaptation; space perception; vision tests; visual depth perception; visual fields; visual pathways; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A significant proportion of human activities involving space orientation, locomotion and action occur over a critical span of space of about 2 to 25m from the observer. Yet, the mechanisms underlying the abilities to flawlessly perform these activities in the intermediate distance range are not well understood, though appreciated whenever the abilities are impaired due to brain injuries. How is space perception impaired? A key to answering this question is to understand how human perception in the intermediate distance range is referenced relative to the physical space. An early theoretical answer to this question was provided by Gibson (1950), who proposed that space perception in the intermediate distance range is highly influenced by the structure of the ground surface. The current proposal presents some empirical evidence to support the ground reference idea, in addition to presenting new hypotheses to uncover the perceptual mechanisms underlying space perception in the intermediate distance range. Three broadly defined issues will be addressed. These are: 1. How does the visual system define the ground surface reference frame for distance judgment? 2. How is the eye level determined and calibrated? 3. How is an object above the ground surface localized? This research will be conducted both in the real and virtual reality environments. The latter not only provides for a controlled stimulus environment, but will also provide valuable insights into designing virtual reality systems with high immersion quality, which will be of benefit to those interested in the vocational and therapeutic usage of the virtual reality systems. Above all, this research will advance the knowledge of how the ground surface is represented by the brain, and how it is employed as a reference frame for localizing objects, which is an important step to understanding space perception and cognition.

描述（由申请人提供）：涉及空间定向、运动和动作的人类活动的很大一部分发生在距观察者约 2 至 25 m 的关键空间跨度内。然而，在中距离范围内完美地执行这些活动的能力背后的机制尚不清楚，尽管每当这些能力因脑损伤而受损时就会受到重视。空间知觉如何受损？回答这个问题的关键是了解人类在中距离范围内的感知是如何相对于物理空间进行参考的。 Gibson (1950) 对这个问题提供了一个早期的理论答案，他提出中距离范围内的空间感知很大程度上受到地表结构的影响。目前的提案提供了一些经验证据来支持地面参考想法，此外还提出了新的假设来揭示中距离范围内空间感知的感知机制。将解决三个广泛定义的问题。它们是： 1、视觉系统如何定义地表参考系来进行距离判断？ 2. 眼平线是如何确定和校准的？ 3. 地面以上的物体如何定位？这项研究将在真实和虚拟现实环境中进行。后者不仅提供了受控刺激环境，而且还将为设计具有高沉浸质量的虚拟现实系统提供有价值的见解，这对于那些对虚拟现实系统的职业和治疗用途感兴趣的人来说将是有益的。最重要的是，这项研究将增进人们对大脑如何表示地表，以及如何将其用作定位物体的参考系的认识，这是理解空间感知和认知的重要一步。