Memory for Odors: The Effect of Aging and the E4 Allele

气味记忆：衰老和 E4 等位基因的影响

• 批准号: 6914377
• 负责人: PAUL E GILBERT
• 金额: $ 1.77万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-05-01 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6914377
• 关键词: Alzheimer' s disease; adolescence (12-20); age difference; aging; apolipoprotein E; association learning; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; genetic carriers; genetic susceptibility; human old age (65+); limbic system; memory; neural information processing; neuropathology; odors; olfactory lobe; olfactory stimulus; postdoctoral investigator; visual cortex; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This grant aims to assess odor-place and object-place associative memory, as well as source memory, for olfactory and visual stimuli in the elderly and those at risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Problems associated with memory are commonly observed in elderly individuals and characterize dementing diseases such as AD. Studies have reported memory decline for visual and verbal stimuli associated with aging and AD. Verbal memory deficits also have been reported in non-demented individuals with the E4 allele, a genetic risk factor for AD. Studies have shown that the elderly, AD patients, and those at risk for AD show impairments in odor identification and odor recognition memory. Due to the neuropathology associated with aging and AD, associative and source memory for olfactory stimuli also may be particularly impaired in these populations. Numerous studies suggest that the elderly and those at risk for AD show source and associative memory deficits for visual and auditory stimuli; however, more research is needed to examine associative and source memory for olfactory stimuli in these populations. The main aim of this grant will assess memory for odors using novel paradigms that may be very sensitive to the neuropathological changes associated with aging and early AD that affect mnemonic processing. The assessment of olfactory memory in the elderly and those at risk for AD is of great theoretical importance and may be useful in determining who among the elderly may be at risk for AD. Since olfactory loss is often not reported by elderly patients and may not be detected without special measurement, inclusion of olfactory measures into test batteries for AD is important.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项资助旨在评估老年人和有阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 风险的人的嗅觉和视觉刺激的气味-地点和物体-地点联想记忆以及源记忆。与记忆相关的问题在老年人中很常见，并且是 AD 等痴呆症的特征。研究报告称，视觉和语言刺激的记忆力下降与衰老和 AD 相关。据报道，携带 E4 等位基因（AD 的遗传风险因素）的非痴呆个体也存在语言记忆缺陷。研究表明，老年人、AD 患者和 AD 风险人群在气味识别和气味识别记忆方面表现出障碍。由于与衰老和 AD 相关的神经病理学，这些人群对嗅觉刺激的联想记忆和源记忆也可能受到特别损害。大量研究表明，老年人和有 AD 风险的人对视觉和听觉刺激表现出来源记忆和联想记忆缺陷；然而，还需要更多的研究来检查这些人群对嗅觉刺激的联想记忆和源记忆。这笔赠款的主要目的将使用新颖的范例来评估气味记忆，这些范例可能对与衰老和早期 AD 相关的影响记忆处理的神经病理变化非常敏感。对老年人和 AD 风险人群的嗅觉记忆评估具有重要的理论意义，可能有助于确定老年人中哪些人可能面临 AD 风险。由于老年患者通常不会报告嗅觉丧失，并且如果不进行特殊测量就可能无法检测到嗅觉丧失，因此将嗅觉测量纳入 AD 测试组合中非常重要。

项目成果

Effect of encoding condition on source memory for odors in healthy young and older adults.

编码条件对健康年轻人和老年人气味源记忆的影响。

• DOI: 10.1159/000121377
• 发表时间: 2008
• 期刊: Gerontology
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Hernandez,RafaelJ;Bayer,ZachC;Brushfield,AndreaM;Pirogovsky,Eva;Murphy,Claire;Gilbert,PaulE
• 通讯作者: Gilbert,PaulE